A Study On The Grammar Of Guangdong Luhe Hakka Dialect

The Luhe Hakka dialect is the representative dialect of the Hai-Lu district Hakka dialects,and it is also the source of the "Hai-Lu Hakka" in Taiwan.This thesis selects the grammar of Luhe Hakka dialect as the description object,integrates the investigation methods of typology and traditional dialectology,makes a field investigation of Luhe Hakka dialect,describes and analyzes the morphology and syntax of Luhe Hakka dialect,and summarizes the grammatical features of Luhe Hakka dialect.This thesis is divided into five parts.The introduction mainly introduces the general situation of Luhe County,the general situation of dialect,the initials,finals and tones of Luhe Hakka dialect,as well as the current situation of the grammar research of Guangdong Hakka dialect,the current situation of the research of Luhe Hakka dialect,the research purpose,significance and methods,and the source and style of the paper.The first chapter mainly introduces the prefix,infix,suffix and real morphemes in Luhe Hakka dialect,and then analyzes the reduplication forms of nouns,verbs,adjectives,adverbs and phrases to show the characteristics of word formation in Luhe Hakka dialect.There are many affixes in Luhe Hakka dialect,especially suffixes.It is a unique phenomenon that " 晡 " has become an infix,but there are few nouns composed by infix.The suffix " 子 ",which is equivalent to " 子 " and " 儿 " in Putonghua,has more collocations than Putonghua.Some of the real morphemes are becoming grammaticalized.There is a phenomenon that noun reduplication or verb reduplication turns into adjective in Luhe Hakka dialect.Because of the contact with Fujian Dialect in eastern Guangdong,there is a phenomenon of phrase reduplication.The second chapter mainly introduces the function words of Luhe Hakka dialect,including quantifiers,pronouns,prepositions,adverbs,conjunctions,mood and modal particles,and summarizes and analyzes the usage and characteristics of these function words.Quantifiers are rich and meticulous in expression,and there are a large number of the borrowed quantifiers for noun and there are more quantifiers for noun than quantifiers for verb.The plural form of personal pronoun is to add"齐家"after the singular personal pronoun.The first person plural of pronouns can be divided into inclusive and exclusive forms.Demonstrative pronouns are a three-part system,which can be divided into the proximal or the distal and the more distal.And it is a hierachical nested emonstrative system."摎"as preposition has six semantic cases of"objective,comitative,benefactive,comparative,substitutive and patientive".It can also be used as coordinate conjunction and atypical choice conjunction.Some modal particles have the function of expressing various moods.The third chapter mainly introduces the three syntactic structures of Luhe Hakka dialect,which are disposal structure,transitive structure and comparative structure.Luhe Hakka dialect takes the word"摎"as a typical disposal marker.According to the number of disposal markers,there are three types of disposal patterns,namely"one disposal marker","two disposal markers"and"three disposal markers".There are four types of pronoun anaphora sentence patterns in the disposal construction.The pronoun anaphora disposition makes the patient object be double indicated,which further highlights and emphasizes the meaning of the patient object being disposed.There are four types of ditransitive patterns,namely"double object A","double object B","preposition object complement and serial verb"and compound word.The most frequently used comparative sentence in Luhe Hakka dialect is"过字式",that is,the comparative structure is"comparative subject+comparative parameter+过+comparative benchmark".The conclusion summarizes the grammatical characteristics of Luhe Hakka dialect,and reflects on the shortcomings of this thesis.