A Study On The Structure Of "Adjective + Yi Ba(一把)" In Modern Chinese

"Adjective + yiba"(hereinafter referred to as “A yiba”)is an unconventional usage of "yiba",and also one of the commonly used structures in modern Chinese.Based on the theory of three planes,this paper discusses the structure,syntax,semantics,pragmatics,mechanism and motivation of “A yiba”.The variable "A" is mostly disyllabic;in terms of semantic features,most of them are property adjectives with the semantic characteristics of "describing human",and state adjectives generally can not enter the structure;from the perspective of emotional coloring,"A" presents a priority sequence of "commendatory words >derogatory words > neutral words".In the process of long-term combination of the constant "yiba" and different verbs,the semantic meaning of "yiba" has become virtual.Moreover,the constant "yiba" has been lexicalized,and its counting function has been weakened and more emphasis has been put on a small quantity meaning.The main syntactic function of “A yiba” is to act as predicate,in addition,“A yiba” can also be used as subject,object,attribute,clause and independent sentence.The overall meaning of “A yiba” is "limited and substantial change of subjective comment".And the meaning of "great change" means that "A yiba" has a wide range of changes from one existing state to another."Limited" on the one hand refers to the limited number of changes,on the other hand refers to the limited duration of changes."Subjective comment" is manifested in that the component "A" represents a kind of evaluation of the speaker,which is a subjective feeling based on the objective facts of the speaker,and also in the subjective understanding of the change duration.“A yiba” mainly exists in the speech environment of elaboration,instruction and commitment.In the elaboration speech environment,“A yiba” can well summarize and state news events,attract the audience’s interest to further understand the news events.Besides,it can shorten the distance with the audience.In the command speech environment,“A yiba” can enhance the hearer’s acceptance of the speaker’s suggestion or invitation,which has the effect of moderating tone and expressing politeness.In the committed speech environment,the use of “A yiba” can reduce the face threat of committed speech acts to both sides of communication.The mechanism of “A yiba” is analogy and metonymy.The use of “A yiba”reflects people’s psychology of conformity,imitation,innovation and difference,and also conforms to the economic principle of language.