The Research Of Confucianism From The Late Warring States Period To The Qin Dynasty In The Field Of Vision Of The Unearthed Documents

Taking the unearthed documents as the starting point,combined with the handed down documents,with the research method of ideological history,and according to the situation of the philosophers of pre-Qin and Confucian ancient books and records seen in the unearthed documents,this thesis studies the academic general situation and the evolution and development of Confucianism from the Late Warring States period to the Qin Dynasty.This thesis consists of the following six parts:The first part is the academic general of the Late Warring States period.In the Late Warring States period,the contention of a hundred schools of thought came to an end,and in the academic center represented by Jixia School Palace in the ancient state of Chi,the way in which the scholars publicized the theory began to travel around the countries in the Spring and Autumn period and the Early Warring States period,lobbying princes to carry out concentrated academic exchanges,and at the same time began to attempt the practice of academic politicization.The trend of internal integration and mutual communication among schools represented by Confucianism,Learning about the Emperor Huang and Lao Tzu,Legalist School and Yin-Yang School is becoming more and more obvious,and the academic and political practice represented by Han Fei and Zou Yan also makes the thought of Legalism and Yin-Yang School more politically practical.The second part is about the spread of Confucianism in the unearthed documents.Since the death of Confucius,Confucian post-scholars began to spread Confucianism to various places.According to the analysis of the Confucian literature found in the unearthed documents,Confucianism in the Late Warring States period has had an important impact on the the ancient states of Jin,the ancient states of Wu-Yue and the ancient states of Qin-Chu areas,while retaining a lot of Confucian classical literature.In the Late Warring States period,Xunzi criticized and integrated various schools of thought and Confucianism,and put forward a unique view of heaven and man,etiquette and law,which stimulated the practicality of Confucianism and created a precedent for the integration of Confucianism and law.The third part is about the academic thought and system after the unification of Qin Dynasty.Emperor Qin Shihuang continued the tradition of attaching importance to law after the unification of Qin,and used the thought of Yin and Yang to prove the rationality and orthodoxy of Qin unification.from the unearthed Law of Qin,we can see that the Legalist thought after Qin Unification has been adjusted to a considerable extent.the thought embodied in it also continued the highly integrated state of Legalist thought in the late warring States period.However,the archaeological materials of this period,such as the Confucian factors in the way of officials in Shuihudi Qin bamboo slips and the ethics in Qin Law,the application of Confucianism by the Qin people can also be seen through the contents of Qin rituals recorded in the literature and the relevant cultural relics unearthed from the Mausoleum of Emperor Qin Shihuang.The fourth part is about the survival pattern and influence of Confucianism in Qin Dynasty.Because Emperor Qin Shihuang adopted strict cultural policies in the middle period of his reign,which limited the development of folk Confucianism,the survival style of Confucianism in Qin Dynasty was forced to change.In addition to the official doctoral officers and their preserved Confucian books,the living space of folk Confucian scholars was squeezed,and Confucian scholars chose to live in seclusion or join the Qin government;folk Confucian books were either preserved in the wall,or could only be spread by word of mouth because they were burned;after the fall of the Qin Dynasty,the re-development of Confucianism and the re-spread of Confucian classics provided an opportunity.The fifth part is the confirmation of the spread of Confucianism in Qin Dynasty by the documents unearthed in the early Han Dynasty.Due to the relaxation of the cultural policy in the early Han Dynasty,Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty abolished the law of holding books,re-established the Doctor of Confucianism and relaxed folk academic restrictions in the Wen-jing period,and at the same time,the government of the early Han Dynasty actively solicited books and books from the people,which promoted the re-development of Confucianism;at the same time,most of the Confucian scholars in the early Han Dynasty survived under the strict laws of the Qin Dynasty,so the survival pattern of the Confucian scholars in the early Han Dynasty can contradict the development of Confucianism in the Qin Dynasty.In addition,the silk books unearthed in Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha and the Analects of Han bamboo slips in Dingzhou in recent years can also be seen that although Confucianism from the Qin Dynasty to the early Han Dynasty was greatly hindered,it developed sufficiently to the north and south,and the Confucian classics and documents were also protected.Finally,the conclusion part summarizes the study of the evolution of Confucianism from the late warring States period to the Qin Dynasty.In the late warring States period,various schools of thought began to enter the stage of internal integration and mutual integration,during which Xunzi integrated Confucianism,Huang-Lao School and Legalist thought to a high extent,and put forward the unique view of etiquette and law,the concept of Heaven and Tao and the theory of the relationship between heaven and man.After the unification of Qin Dynasty,Confucianism developed difficultly under the harsh cultural policy of Qin Dynasty,and Confucian scholars and Confucian classics were preserved.The active integration of Confucianism with various schools not only enriched the pre-Qin Confucianism,but also laid the foundation for the further development of Confucianism in the Han Dynasty.