| The concept of need involves all aspects of human social life,which seems to be closely related to our daily life.It is also a complex philosophical concept.Agnes Heller,a theorist of Budapest School,is a new Marxist theorist in Eastern Europe.Her works are abundant all her life.Her theories involve aesthetics,ethics,history,anthropology and other fields.Her needs theories are mainly concentrated in radical philosophy,Marxist needs theory and a series of important papers.Heller emphasized that the category of needs is not only an economic concept,but also a philosophical anthropological concept.Starting from the humanist Marxism,she put forward the famous "radical needs theory",trying to make a positive response to the "class subject dilemma" in the contemporary capitalist society.From the perspective of Personality Ethics,Heller also turned the focus of needs to individuals.She especially emphasized the diversity of individual needs,and believed that all needs should be met except the need to regard people as means.Heller also opposed the "dictatorship of needs" and emphasized the democratization of needs.Finally,she also discusses the needs in daily life from the micro level.Influenced by Lukacs’ theory of materialization,she opposed to using things to measure people’s daily needs,advocated studying from the perspective of materialization and alienation,and classified the alienation of needs as capitalist system.This paper is divided into four parts.First,from the background of Heller’s thought,it analyzes the origin of his theoretical system;secondly,it analyzes the relationship between the theory of radical needs and philosophy,and clarifies the connotation of the concept of radical needs;thirdly,it analyzes the application of radical needs in daily life from the perspective of radical philosophy and daily life;finally,based on the contemporary society,it analyzes the contribution and lack of Heller’s theory of radical needs. |
