| In the nineteenth century,England entered a critical period in the process of industrial revolution.Machine production has gradually replaced manual production and become the main mode of production in society.However,the development of machinery industry in the north gradually disintegrated a large number of handicraft workshops in the south,resulting in a large number of agricultural workers losing their jobs.At this time,the state and the government vigorously carried out the enclosure movement and issued many decrees to speed up.A large number of common land and wasteland were enclosed,and villagers were deprived of their public rights to graze and collect fuel on the common land.Parliamentary enclosure and the decline of rural industry contributed to the deterioration of workers’ living conditions,there have been many protests in the countryside,leading to social unrest.To ease the growing class contradictions and reshape paternalism in the countryside,the landlords put forward a proposal for the allotment movement.This paper is divided into five chapters,which briefly outlines the development of the allotment movement in the nineteenth century.The first chapter is the introduction,which mainly introduces the researches on the allotment movement in England in nineteenth century by scholars at home and abroad.The second chapter explains the definition of allotment,and distinguishes the two similar land distribution ways of allotment and potato ground.The third chapter is divided into three stages to describe the development process of the movement in the late eighteenth and nineteenth century.The fourth chapter discusses the attitude of landlords,tenant farmers and agricultural workers to the allotment movement.The fifth chapter analyzes the influence of the movement from three aspects of economy,morality and social relations.In the nineteenth century,The allotment movement is a means adopted by the landlords to consolidate its position and ease the growing discontent of workers.Its development has created new employment opportunities and brought considerable economic benefits for agricultural workers.At the same time,It also eased the sharp class contradictions and helped to promote Victorian values in the countryside.In the nineteenth century,the allotment movement became an important feature of rural landscape.It was a quiet social revolution,but also the carrier of rural modernization. |
