How Animal Moral Rights Are Possible

The concept of animal moral rights is the result of ecological ethics re-examining the relationship between animals and humans in the face of ecological crisis.The proof of its logical possibility is based on the clarification of the concept of "moral rights",with the continuous collision and integration of anthropocentrism and non-anthropocentrism as the starting point.The ancient Greek philosophers represented by Aristotle in traditional anthropocentrism believed that animals are only tools of human beings,and people can treat animals and nature at will,which has a profound impact on the definition of the relationship between humans and animals in traditional Western ethics.And Kant later put forward the proposition that "man is purpose",further clarifying that reason makes "human" a free moral subject,and obtains absolute value,which completely separates humans from animals and enables traditional anthropocentrism.perfect.With the increasingly serious ecological crisis and the trend of environmental protection movements and animal protection movements in modern western society,non-anthropocentrism has begun to rise.Among them,Peter Singer ’s animal liberation theory and Tom Reagan ’s animal rights theory,which are the most representative,have extended the scope of moral care from humans to animals and even nature,emphasizing that animals have basic moral status and moral rights.It has a direct moral obligation to animals,which undoubtedly redefines the relationship between humans and animals,and also provides ideas for solving ecological problems.Both anthropocentrism and non-anthropocentrism have their own shortcomings and advantages.They should avoid going to any extreme and seek a suitable path to define the basic content of animal moral rights.Marx’s dialectical negative view of practical ecology provides it Basic position.Examining the moral rights of animals based on the perspective of Marxist practical rationality is based on the "real people" as the starting point,and then takes the anthropocentrism as the theoretical cornerstone,emphasizing the objectivity relationship between man and nature,and attaching importance to human practice The roots of nature,affirming the right of nature itself,pointing out the decisive significance of human practice in transforming the relationship between man and nature,and advocating for the harmonious coexistence of man and nature,providing a scientific theory for China’s animal protection practice and promoting sustainable development guide.