The Effects Of Fluency And Metacognitive Beliefs On Font Size Effect

Judgment of Learning(JOL)refers to predictions of the likelihood of remembering studied items in a subsequent memory test.Previous studies found that the perceptual information effects JOL,and font size is an important perceptual information in the cognitive process.Researchers refer to the phenomenon that font size affected JOL but did’ t affect recall performance as the " font size effect ".The previous research on the font size effect was through presenting font size items successively,and participants successively perceive font size in the process.However,how does font size affect JOL while simultaneously perceiving font size?The researchers found that the font size affects the individual’ s perception processing process through the simultaneous perception of font size.In addition,when the actual teaching content present simultaneously font size,people can perceive the font size simultaneous.In the past,there are two theories on the explanation mechanism of font size effect,one is the fluency theory and the other is metacognitive belief theory.The fluency theory postulates that large items are processed with greater perceptual fluency than small items,and the large items had higher JOL.The metacognitive belief theory postulates that the people have a belief that large items are easier to remember than small items,and the large items had higher JOL.However,whether fluency or metacognitive belief is the internal mechanism for explaining the font size effect is still controversial.Previous studies have found that there are two types of metacognitive beliefs that affect font size effects,one is the importance belief,and the other is the fluency belief.However,how importance belief and fluency belief affect font size effect needs further investigation.Therefore,the current study explored the effect of font size on JOL,and the effect of fluency and metacognitive beliefs on font size effects in the case of simultaneous perception of font size.Study 1 explores whether the font size effect occurs when font size is perceived simultaneously.Experiment 1 takes word pairs as the material to explore this.Study 2 explores the role of fluency and metacognitive belief theory in the font size effect when font size is perceived simultaneously.Through experiment 2 self-paced study paradigm,experiment 3 number of trials to acquisition paradigm and experiment 4 pre-study JOL paradigm to explore it.Study 3further explores the effect of importance belief and fluency belief on font size effect.This is explored through experiment 4 importance judgment and fluency judgment.The result showed as follows:(1)the large font had higher JOL compared with small font,but no difference in recall performance between large and small font sizes.(2)There is no significant difference between the large font and small font in study time,but small font sizes number of trials to acquisition more than large ones font sizes.(3)In both the pre-study and immediate JOL groups,the larger font was higher than the smaller font.(4)In the pre-study JOL group,the importance judgment was higher than the fluency judgment,but there was no difference in the immediate JOL group.On the whole,the metacognitive belief judgment of large font is higher than small font.Although there is no significant difference in the font size in importance judgment or fluency judgment,there is a trend that large font is higher than small font.The following conclusions can be drawn through above experiments:Fist,font size affected JOL,but did’ t affect the recall performance in the case of simultaneous perception of font size,resulting in the font size effect.Second,the effect of font size on JOL is based on a combination of fluency and meta-cognitive beliefs.Third,metacognitive beliefs partly affect the font size effect.Among them,the importance belief and fluency belief both affect the font size effect,and the importance belief about font size has a strong influence.