| In the early 1980s,British linguist Geoffrey Leach proposed the politeness principle to complement Grice’s cooperative principle.The politeness principle consists of six maxims,each of which includes two sub-maxims.Leach believes that the cooperative principle is violated in communication usually in order to follow the politeness principle.Thus there is implication under what they have said,which is the "conversational implicature" defined by Grice.However,people do not always follow the politeness principle when they communicate;intentional or unintentional violations of politeness principles can also lead to the "conversational implicature".Fictional dialogues follow or violate the politeness principles as well,requiring the translator to correctly understand and deduce the meanings of the words in the source text,and then convey them in the target text to achieve pragmatic equivalence.The object of this thesis is the first four chapters of the novel The Sweet Dove Died written by British writer Barbara Pym.The main characters in this novel are all typical British middle class,who,influenced by their upbringing and social norms,adhered to the politeness principle almost all the time except for occasional violations.This thesis aims to analyze dialogues in The Sweet Dove Died under the guidance of Leech’s politeness principle,and to introduce how to deduce the pragmatic meanings resulted from following or violating the politeness principle.Since different cultures have different standards for politeness,the translator must take into consideration those of the target language culture in the translation process.This thesis,therefore,introduces Gu Yueguo’s politeness principle and his analysis of politeness standards in Chinese culture to help convey the pragmatic meanings in the source text to the target text accurately through the use of polite language,domestication of vague language,addition of modal particles and the use of the emotional coloring of words. |
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