| The aim of this study was to detect T helpercell 1/T helpercell 2（Th1/Th2）immune balance deviation direction and the expression level of Interleukin-6（IL-6）,Tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）in the peripheral blood and Signal transduction and activator of transcription3（STAT3）in placental tissues.To explore whether the immune balance of Th1/Th2 in infected preterm pregnant women shifts toward Th1,and whether this immune balance deviation is involved in the pathogenesis of infectious preterm birth through IL-6 and TNF-α-mediated Janus Kinase 2 and Signal transduction and activator of transcription 3（JAK2/STAT3）signal pathway.Thus provide a new direction for the prevention and treatment strategy of infectious preterm birth.【Object and Method】1.Subjects: a total of 60 preterm birth women were selected as the preterm birth group from May 2020 to October 2021,which were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University.And we divided those preterm birth women into infectious preterm birth group and non-infectious preterm birth group according to the placental tissue examination after delivery（34 cases in infectious preterm birth group and 26 cases in non-infectious preterm birth group）.Thirty singleton pregnancy women with normal term delivery and no other pregnancy diseases and complications were randomly selected as control group.2.Method: The expression levels of IFN-γ,IL-4,IL-6 and TNF-α in peripheral blood of pregnant women in the three groups were detected by ELISA,and the expression levels of four cytokines in peripheral blood of pregnant women in the three groups were compared.IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio was used to represent the Th1/Th2 immune balance index,and the Th1/Th2 immune balance deviation in peripheral blood of pregnant women in the three groups was compared.HE staining was used to determine whether there was histologic chorioamnionitis in the placental membranes of pregnant women in the three groups.The expression of STAT3 in placental membranes of pregnant women in the three groups was determined by immunohistochemistry.【Results】1.Expressions of IFN-γ,IL-4,TNF-α and IL-6 in peripheral blood of the three groups.1.1 IFN-γ : The level of IFN-γ in the three groups was statistically significant（F=21.32,P < 0.01）.The expression level of IFN-γ in infectious preterm birth group was higher than that in non-infectious preterm birth group and control group,and the differences were statistically significant（P < 0.05,< 0.01）.The expression level of IFN-γ in the non-infectious birth delivery group was significantly higher than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.01）.1.2 IL-4: The level of IL-4 in the three groups was statistically significant（F=14.94,P< 0.01）.The expression level of IL-4 in infectious preterm birth group was lower than that in non-infectious preterm birth group and control group,and the differences were statistically significant（P < 0.05,< 0.01）.The expression level of IL-4 in the non-infectious preterm birth group was lower than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant（P< 0.05）.1.3 TNF-α : The level of TNF-α in the three groups was statistically significant（F*=25.08,P < 0.01）.The expression level of TNF-α in infectious preterm birth group was higher than that in non-infectious preterm birth group and control group,and the differences were statistically significant（P < 0.05,< 0.01）.The expression level of TNF-α in non-infectious preterm birth group was significantly higher than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.01）.1.4 IL-6: The level of IL-6 in the three groups was statistically significant（F=17.84,P <0.01）.The expression level of IL-6 in infectious preterm birth group was significantly higher than that in non-infectious preterm birth group and control group,and the differences were statistically significant（P < 0.01,< 0.01）.The expression level of IL-6 in non-infectious preterm birth group was slightly higher than that in control group,but the difference was not statistically significant（P > 0.05）.2.Th1/Th2 immune balance deviation in peripheral blood of the three groups（Th1/Th2 immune regulatory balance index was expressed by the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4）.IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio: The overall difference of IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio among the three groups was statistically significant（F*=38.87,P < 0.01）.The IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio in infectious preterm birth group was significantly higher than that in non-infectious preterm birth group and control group,and the differences were statistically significant（P < 0.01,< 0.01）.The IFN-γ/IL-4ratio in the non-infectious premature birth group was significantly higher than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant（P < 0.01）.3.STAT3 expression in placenta and fetal membrane tissues of the three groups（The immuno histochemical IHS value was obtained by multiplying the cell chromogenic intensity and the percentage score of positive staining cells）.3.1 IHS value of placental tissue: There was statistically significant difference in IHS value of placental tissue among the three groups（F*=44.39,P < 0.01）.The IHS value of infectious preterm birth group was significantly higher than that of non-infectious preterm birth group and control group,and the differences were statistically significant（P < 0.01,<0.01）.The IHS value of non-infectious preterm birth group was slightly higher than that of control group,but the difference was not statistically significant（P > 0.05）.3.2 IHS value of fetal membrane tissue: the overall difference in IHS value of fetal membrane tissue was statistically significant among the three groups（P < 0.01）.The IHS value of infectious preterm birth group was significantly higher than that of non-infectious preterm birth group and control group,and the differences were statistically significant（P <0.01,< 0.01）.The IHS value of the non-infectious preterm birth group was slightly higher than that of control group,but the difference was not statistically significant（P > 0.05）.【Conclusion】1.The expression levels of IFN-γ,IL-6 and TNF-α in peripheral blood of pregnant women with infectious preterm birth were significantly increased,while the expression levels of IL-4 were significantly decreased,suggesting that these four cytokines were involved in the occurrence of infectious preterm labor.2.Th1/Th2 immune balance in peripheral blood of pregnant women with infectious preterm birth and non-infectious preterm birth showed Th1 dominance,suggesting that Th1/Th2 immune balance deviation may be involved in the occurrence of preterm birth,especially infectious preterm birth.3.STAT3 was significantly overexpressed in placental membranes of pregnant women with infectious preterm birth,while there was no significant difference in STAT3 expression between non-infectious preterm birth and normal pregnant women.These results suggest that Th1/Th2 immune balance may be involved in the occurrence of infectious preterm birth JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway is abnormally activated in infectious preterm birth,and through TNF-α and IL-6 mediated JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. |
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