Study On Preparation,Isolation And Purification,and Antioxidant Activities Of Triterpenes From Ganoderma Lucidum

Ganoderma lucidum(G.lucidum)triterpenes,as one of the main pharmacological active components of G.lucidum,is often used as one of the important indicators for evaluating the quality of G.lucidum products.It has pharmacological activities such as anti-tumor,liver protection,hypoglycemia,blood lipids,antioxidation and so on.The annual output of G.lucidum in Guanxian is as high as 8000 tons,which was a provincial poverty-stricken county that has just lifted itself out of poverty and become rich during the 13 th Five-Year Plan period.However,compared with southern G.lucidum(such as Longquan G.lucidum),Guanxian G.lucidum exists for a long time.In order to improve the added value of Guanxian G.lucidum products and better serve the local economy,Guanxian G.lucidum was selected as the research object and Longquan G.lucidum as the reference.The extraction optimization,separation and purification,composition detection and antioxidant activity of G.lucidum triterpenes in Guanxian were studied.This study will provide a theoretical basis for the rational development of Ganoderma lucidum resources.The main conclusions are as follows:The hot alcohol extraction method was used to extract Guanxian G.lucidum fruiting triterpenes(GGLST),Guanxian G.lucidum spore powder(GGLST),Longquan G.lucidum spore powder(LGLBT),and Longquan G.lucidum spore powder(LGLST).Through the response surface test,the optimum extraction conditions of GGLBT were obtained as follows: the ratio of liquid to material was 50.09 ml / g,the extraction time was 2.35 h,the extraction temperature was 48.77℃,and the actual yield of triterpenes was 1.39%.The optimum combination of GGLST were obtained as follows: the ratio of liquid to the material was 50.62:1 m L/g,the extraction time was 1.56 h,the extraction temperature is40.49℃,and the actual triterpenes yield is 1.78%.The optimum extraction conditions of LGLBT were as follows: the ratio of liquid to the material was 54.44:1 m L/g,the extraction time was 2.02 h,the ethanol concentration was 91.63%,and the actual triterpenes yield was 0.77%.The optimum extraction parameters of LGLST were as follows: the ratio of liquid to the material was 98.92:1 m L/g,the extraction time was 2.87 h,the extraction temperature was 62.64%,and the yield of triterpenes in the interspace was1.51%.Under the optimal conditions,the extraction yield order was,GGLST>LGLST>GGLBT>LGLBT.The extraction yields of the two kinds of G.lucidum spore powder triterpenes were higher than those of the fruit body,and the triterpenes of Guanxian G.lucidum were higher than those of Longquan G.lucidum.AB-8 macroporous resin was used to conduct static adsorption-desorption tests for GGLBT and GGLST respectively,and orthogonal process optimization was carried out on the basis of single factor.The results showed that the adsorption rate and desorption rate of GGLBT were 0.66% and 0.73%,respectively.The adsorption and desorption rates of GGLST in the static adsorption-desorption test were 0.47% and 0.66%,respectively.The results of High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC)showed that the triterpenoids composition and content of the fruiting body of Guanxian G.lucidum and Longquan G.lucidum were more than those of their spore powder.GGLBT mainly contains weakly polar triterpenoids,while LGLBT also had a peak in both moderately polar and weakly polar regions,but triterpenoids were mainly moderately polar triterpenoids.There were only weak polar triterpenoids in both GGLST and LGLST.The results of the antioxidant test showed that the four triterpenes(GGLBT,GGLST,LGLBT,and LGLST)all had antioxidant activities,and the concentration was positively correlated with the activities.The antioxidant activities of LGLBT were higher than that of GGLBT;the iron-reducing power of GGLST and the scavenging rate of DPPH free radicals were significantly higher than that of LGLST.The antioxidant activities of GGLST,GGLBT,GGLST-1,GGLST-2,GGLBT-1,and GGLBT-2 showed concentration dependence.Among them,GGLBT-2 has the strongest reducing power,DPPH free radical scavenging rate,and hydroxyl free radical scavenging abilities,which were all higher than its precursor GGLBT,indicating that the purification of GGLBT by resin AB-8 was helpful to improve the antioxidant activity.