Correlation Between Subgingival Infection Of Epstein-Barr Virus And The Content Of IL-1β And SFRP 1 In The Lesion Site Of Chronic Periodontitis

Objective The purpose of this study was to quantify Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)DNA loads in subgingival specimens from patients with chronic periodontitis(CP),and to determine the content of interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and secreted frizzled-related protein 1(SFRP1),to explore the correlation between the infection and proliferation of EBV and IL-1β and SFRP1,and to explore the role of EBV in the occurrence and development of CP.Methods 23 cases of mild,23 cases of moderate,and 24 cases of severe CP patients,and 15 cases of periodontal healthy patients as controls were selected,who were treated at the Periodontal Department of the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Jiamusi University from December 2019 to September 2020.Record clinical indicators,extract their subgingival plaque and gingival crevicular fluid,EBV DNA load in the subgingival plaque samples were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction based on SYBR Green I fluorescence.The contents of IL-1 and SFRP1 in gingival crevicular fluid were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Statistical analysis was performed on the clinical indicators between groups,the positive detection rate of EBV and the proliferation of EBV DNA in CP lesion sites,and the relationship with IL-1β and SFRP1 in gingival crevicular fluid.Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square test,Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test,Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman correlation coefficient,P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results(1)The positive detection rates of EBV in mild,moderate,and severe CP lesion sites and periodontal healthy sites were 30.4%,43.5%,75%,and 13.3%,the detection rate of EBV in severe CP lesions was significantly higher than in periodontal health(P<0.01).(2)The EBV DNA load in mild,moderate and severe CP lesion sites was higher than that in periodontal healthy sites,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01),and the EBV DNA load in severe CP lesion sites was higher than that in mild and moderate CP lesion sites(P<0.01);(3)The total amount and concentration of IL-1β and SFRP1 in different levels of CP sites were higher than those of periodontal healthy sites,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);The load of EBV DNA in CP sites was positively correlated with the concentration and total amount of IL-1 and SFRP1 in gingival crevicular fluid;The total amount and concentration of IL-1β and SFRP1 in EBV positive sites were higher than those in EBV negative sites,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);Conclusion(1)EBV infection is closely related to the occurrence and development of CP.Compared with the healthy control group,mild and moderate CP,the proliferative state of EBV was more active in the lesion sites of CP,suggesting that the active infection of EBV may play a certain role in the destruction of CP periodontal tissue.(2)EBV proliferation in the lesion site of CP is associated with the local inflammation state of periodontal tissue and the destruction of alveolar bone,and the EBV DNA load is positively correlated with the content of IL-1β and SFRP1 in gingival crevicular fluid,suggesting that active infection of EBV may aggravate the inflammation of CP and cause attachment loss.