Deproteinized Bovine Bone Matrix Combined With Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells For Enhancing Vertical Bone Regeneration In Rat Calvaria

Objective:The aim of this article was to test the effect of Deproteinized bovine bone matrix(DBBM)combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)in a rat calvaria vertical guide bone regeneration(VGBR)model.Methods:Rat BMSCs(1×10~6)were seeded on the DBBM which soaked in culture medium,and the cell adhesion was observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM).The rat calvaria VGBR model was established.DBBM with BMSCs(cell group,n=6)and DBBM along(scaffold group,n=6)were placed into the model respectively.The rats were sacrificed after12 weeks.The bone formation were analyzed by Micro-CT,histology and histomorphology.Results:SEM showed that BMSCs could effectively adhere to the surface of DBBM.Histological observation showed that new bone was formed at the bottom of all samples and was continuous with the original calvaria.The residual DBBM was surrounded by vascularized connective tissue.In the cell group,bone remodeling was more obvious and new bone formation was observed in the middle of the sample.Micro-CT analysis showed that BV/TV of cell group was higher than scaffold group(63.54±3.69%;42.16±3.62respectively)(P<0.001).The vertical bone height of the cell group was higher than the scaffold group(3.80±0.29 mm;2.36±0.30 mm respectively)(P<0.001);and bone area fraction was better in the cell group when compared with the scaffold group(48.23±5.78%;30.42±4.08%)(P<0.001).Conclusion:1.BMSCs can effectively adhere to the surface of DBBM which soaked in complete medium,and show good cell morphology.2.DBBM combined with BMSCs can promote the vertical bone regeneration in rat calvaria,and the new bone is more mature.