| Purpose:Tosurvey the health literacy level of residents in a certain place in Shanxi Province in 2020,explore the general health literacy status of residents and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide a basis for relevant departments to formulate health promotion strategies,implement precise interventions,and improve residents’health.Methods:The stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling method combined with simple random sampling method and KISH table method was used to draw samples,EXCEL was used for data entry,and SPSS software was used for data analysis.The specific questionnaire adopts the"National Resident Health Literacy Monitoring Survey Questionnaire",the difference between different demographic variables is analyzed byχ~2test,and the influencing factors of health literacy are analyzed by binary logistic regression.Results:The health literacy level of residents in the local survey area was17.41%.Among them,the health literacy level of urban residents is 22.59%,and the health literacy level of rural residents is 12.22%;among the three health literacy levels,the basic knowledge and concept literacy level is 11.11%,and the healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy level is 24.63%.Skill literacy level is30.00%;among the six types of health problem literacy levels,scientific health literacy is 29.07%,infectious disease prevention literacy is 29.44%,chronic disease prevention literacy is 20.92%,safety and first aid literacy is 33.15%,and basic medical literacy is 27.41%,health information acquisition literacy is 27.59%.The results show that the overall health literacy level of residents is affected by education level and whether they suffer from chronic diseases.Among the three aspects of health literacy,basic health knowledge and conceptual literacy are affected by education level,family size,and whether they suffer from chronic diseases;residents’healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy are affected by education level and family population;basic health skills The level of literacy is affected by urban and rural areas,education level,and chronic disease;Among the six types of health problems,residents’scientific health level is affected by urban and rural areas,family population,age,smoking,and chronic disease;residents’infectious disease prevention literacy level is affected by age,family population,and chronic disease;residents’chronic diseases The level of prevention and control literacy is affected by the number of family members,smoking and chronic diseases;the level of residents’safety and first aid literacy is affected by education and whether they suffer from chronic diseases;the level of basic medical literacy of residents is affected by the average annual income of the family and whether they suffer from chronic diseases;resident health information literacy The level is affected by the urban and rural areas,education level,the number of households,and the per capita annual income of the household.Conclusion:1.In terms of urban and rural areas,the health literacy level of urban residents is higher than that of rural residents.For rural residents,new media should be used to increase their access to health information to improve the health literacy level of rural residents.2.In terms of gender,men’s infectious disease prevention and control literacy is lower than women’s,and corresponding health promotion programs should be proposed for male residents,such as increasing the spread of infectious disease prevention knowledge in tobacco and alcohol stores and traffic broadcasts.3.In terms of age,residents of higher age groups have lower levels of health literacy,except for health education for residents aged 45-59.It is also necessary to use television,radio and other media tools that are convenient for the elderly and have low learning costs to broadcast health education programs in a targeted manner.Communities with conditions can also hold free offline community lectures to broaden the channels for disseminating health knowledge,thereby improving 60-The health literacy of the 69-year-old age group.4.In terms of education level,raising education level is a powerful means to promote residents’health literacy.The government should continue to increase the number and quality of education in schools,especially elementary schools,kindergartens and other educational establishments,in order to enhance the health literacy level of the student population.5.In terms of family population,families with larger populations have a higher level of health literacy;combined with the current epidemic situation,relevant departments should focus on the prevention and control measures of infectious diseases among low family members and even people living alone.Prevent the spread of infectious diseases among family members under current epidemic conditions.6.In terms of family income per capita,residents with higher income levels tend to have higher levels of health literacy.Improving the health literacy of people with lower education levels and lower income levels is the top priority to alleviate the gap in health literacy among people with different incomes.Targeted publicity and education based on the different educational backgrounds of low-income groups and providing more professional and high-quality health consulting services are effective means to improve the health literacy of such groups.7.In terms of whether or not they smoke,the literacy of infectious disease prevention and chronic disease prevention of non-smokers is higher than that of smokers.Local government departments can implement local tobacco control work according to local conditions to achieve the purpose of controlling the tobacco epidemic,and provide health education for smokers to improve the health literacy level of smokers.8.In terms of whether they suffer from chronic diseases,residents suffering from chronic diseases have a higher level of health literacy.However,we cannot relax our attention to improving the health literacy of residents with chronic diseases.For people who do not suffer from chronic diseases,comprehensive health education should be carried out to reduce the prevalence of chronic diseases;for people with chronic diseases with high health literacy levels,they should give full play to their subjective initiative in pursuing health,and in addition to passively receiving health education,They should also be encouraged to actively control their diet,use drugs,and take physical exercises through correct guidance to meet the pursuit of health for people with chronic diseases.In the context of my country’s entry into an aging society and the current normalization of epidemic prevention and control,it is necessary to pay special attention to the improvement of chronic disease prevention and control literacy and the improvement of infectious disease prevention and control literacy,and to strengthen the publicity of individual and family chronic disease prevention and prevention measures and infectious disease prevention and control measures,so as to make the prevention and control of chronic diseases more effective.The concept of the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people,and the strength of the masses is used to improve the health of residents. |
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