| Objective In recent forty years,the changes of life style and environment have lead to new trends in digestive system cancer in China which are different from the past.By collecting and sorting out relevant literatures on the incidence trends and risk factors of digestive system cancer in China in recent forty years,we find out the diseases with high incidence involved in these literatures.This paper analyzes the incidence of digestive system cancer in China in recent 40 years,from the high-incidence diseases,incidence rate,high incidence areas and high risk groups,and analyzes its risk factors,so as to make the prevention and treatment plan of digestive system cancer.MethodsFirst of all,the paper systematically collected and summarized the literature on the incidence trends and risk factors of digestive system cancer in China in recent forty years.After that,an Excel form was established,and the digestive system cancer mentioned in the literature were manually input.Through the statistics of incidence and the frequency of diseases involved in the literature,the types of the diseases with high incidence in recent forty years were determined.By using the approach of comparative analysis,this paper makes an in-depth analysis and discussion on the areas,populations and risk factors of high-incidence diseases,and finally summarizes the incidence trends and risk factors of digestive system cancer in China in recent forty years.Results1.Through the analysis of literature,the frequency of high incidence of digestive system cancer in recent forty years is obtained.In the first ten years,12 cases of esophageal cancer,16 cases of gastric cancer and 26 cases of liver cancer are reported according to the statistics.In the middle two decades,82 cases of esophageal cancer,121 cases of gastric cancer and 81 cases of liver cancer are reported.In the recent ten year,110 cases of esophageal cancer,119 cases of stomach cancer and 57 cases of liver cancer are reported.2.From 1978 to 1988,the incidence of esophageal cancer,gastric cancer and liver cancer began to increase.From 1988 to 2008,the incidence of esophageal cancer,gastric cancer and liver cancer showed a slow increasing trend.From 2008 to 2020,the incidence of esophageal cancer showed a decreasing trend,while the incidence of gastric cancer and liver cancer continued to increase.3.In these three time stages,the age characteristics of incidences of esophageal cancer are similar.The incidence is low before the age of 40,rapidly increasing after the age of 45,reaching the highest level between the age of 60 and 80,and then decreasing rapidly.Similarly,the age characteristics of the incidence of gastric cancer in the three time stages are also roughly the same.The incidence is low before the age of 40,increasing significantly between the ages of 45 and 60,reaching the highest level between 65 and 80,and decreasing after 85.Liver cancer is different.In the first and second stages,the incidence of HCC is characterized by an increasing incidence between the ages of 20 and 44 years old,mainly occurring between 30 and 60 years old,reaching the highest incidence between 60 and 84 years old,and decreasing after 85 years old.In the last stage,the onset age is later,and the incidence begins to rise after the age of 40.4.Since the three stages in recent forty years,the common risk factor of esophageal cancer is genetic factor.The different risk factors are diet,living habits,environmental pollution,occupational environment and economic status.The common risk factors for gastric cancer are diet,genetic inheritance and environmental pollution.The common risk factors of liver cancer are infectious diseases(Hepatitis B,Liver parasitism),fungal pollution,environmental pollution,while different risk factors include basic diseases and mental stress factors.Conclusion1.Through the research on the incidence trends and risk factors of digestive system cancer in China in recent forty years,it is found that esophageal cancer,gastric cancer and liver cancer are high incidence diseases which have their own characteristics in each period.2.According to the data available at present,in recent forty years,the overall incidence of esophageal cancer has shown an increasing trend in the initial stage and a decreasing trend in the later stage,while the incidence of gastric cancer and liver cancer has gradually increased.3.According to the literature on digestive system cancer,the number of middle-aged people and the elderly in each period accounted for the majority of the total number of patients with these three diseases.In the early and middle stages,the only one of the three diseases with a high incidence in young adults is liver cancer.4.By analyzing the risk factors of diseases with high incidence of digestive system cancer in recent forty years,it can be seen that the main risk factors of esophageal cancer in the early stage are diet and nutrition factors.In the middle and recent period,the factors of diet and nutrition have been reduced,while the factors of living habits,occupation and mental stress have been increased.The main risk factor of early gastric cancer is mold pollution.In the middle and recent years,mold pollution have been decreased,while the factors such as Helicobacter pylori infection,gastritis and living habits have been increased.In the early stage,the main risk factor for liver cancer is liver tangiosomiasis.In the middle and recent stage,the incidence of liver tangiosomiasis have been decreased,while the factors such as spiritual culture and metabolic diseases have been increased. |
