| BackgroundIn China,with the decrease of drinking age,the prevalence of alcohol dependence is increased year by year.Medical treatment could be used to control withdrawal symptoms,while for the cognitive dysfunction impaired by alcohol consumption,there were no medicine to treat.Previous studies have demonstrated that High precision transcranial direct current stimulation(HD-tDCS)could be used to improve cognitive function,but for alcohol dependence,there were not too much studies to verified it’s treatment effective.This study intends to apply High precision transcranial direct current stimulation to alcohol-dependent patients to explore the efficacy of this treatment on the cognitive function of alcohol-dependent patients,and to explore the correlation between the cognitive function of alcohol-dependent patients and the characteristics of alcohol consumption,so as to provide a basis for the establishment of risk factors.Objective1.To explore the efficacy of high-precision transcranial direct current stimulation therapy on cognitive function of alcohol-dependent patients,and to provide a new method for the treatment of cognitive function impairment in alcohol-dependent patients.2.To explore the correlation between cognitive function and drinking characteristics of alcohol-dependent patients,and to provide evidence for the establishment of risk factors.MethodsA total of 82 male alcohol dependent patients hospitalized in Henan Mental Hospital from October 2019 to October 2020 were selected as subjects.All of subjects received general survey and cognitive function assessment at baseline.Using random number table method,they were randomly divided into the control group,the active HD-tDCS group and the sham HD-tDCS group.After admission,all the three groups of alcohol-dependent patients received conventional treatment,namely benzodiazepine(osazepam)replacement therapy,supplemented with large dose of B vitamin and small dose of olanzapine,and gradually stopped using the replacement drug when the withdrawal symptoms disappeared(within 2 weeks).The active HD-tDCS group received 14 times of HD-tDCS active stimulation for 2 weeks,while the sham HD-tDCS group received 14 times of HD-tDCS sham stimulation for 2 weeks.The control group maintained conventional treatment.The three groups of subjects received cognitive function assessment again after the intervention,including the Mini-mental State Examination,the Trail Making Test,the Digit Span Test,the Verbal Fluency Test,and the Hopkin Verbal Learning Test Revised.SPSS22.0 was used for data analysis.Paired sample t test was used for intra-group comparison.One-way ANOVA or approximate F test were used for comparison between groups.Pearson correlation analysis was conducted between cognitive function and drinking characteristics of alcohol-dependent patients before treatment.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results1.Social characteristics of the control group,active HD-tDCS group and sham HD-tDCS group:there were no significant differences in age,education,age of first drinking age,cumulative use time,addiction time,alcohol abstinence time(P>0.05).2.Comparison of baseline cognitive function among control group,active HD-tDCS group and sham HD-tDCS group:there were no significant differences in the Mini-mental State Examination,the Trail Making Test,the Digit Span Test,the Verbal Fluency Test,and the Hopkin Verbal Learning Test Revised(P>0.05).3.Comparison of cognitive function before and after treatment in active HD-tDCS group,sham HD-tDCS group and the control group: the differences in the Mini-mental State Examination,the Trail Making Test,the Digit Span Test,the Verbal Fluency Test,and the Hopkin Verbal Learning Test Revised were statistically significant(P<0.05).4.Comparison of cognitive function after treatment among control group,active HD-tDCS group and sham HD-tDCS group:there were no significant differences in the Mini-mental State Examination and the Digit Span Test(P>0.05);the differences in the Trail Making Test,the Verbal Fluency Test,and the Hopkin Verbal Learning Test Revised were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of pairwise comparison showed that there were statistical difference between the active HD-tDCS group and the sham HD-tDCS group\the control group in the Trail Making Test(P<0.05);there was no statistical difference between the sham HD-tDCS group and the control group(P>0.05).In the Verbal Fluency Test,there were significant difference between the active HD-tDCS group and the sham HD-tDCS group\the control group(P<0.05);there was no statistical difference between the sham HD-tDCS group and the control group(P>0.05).In the Hopkin Verbal Learning Test,there were significant difference between the active HD-tDCS group and the sham HD-tDCS group\the control group(P<0.05);there was no statistical difference between the sham HD-tDCS group and the control group(P>0.05).5.Comparison of cognitive function differences among control group,active HD-tDCS group and sham HD-tDCS group after treatment:there was no statistical significance in the Mini-mental State Examination and the Digit Span Test(P>0.05);the differences in the Trail Making Test,the Verbal Fluency Test,and the Hopkin Verbal Learning Test Revised were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of pairwise comparison showed that there were statistical difference between the active HD-tDCS group and the sham HD-tDCS group\the control group in the Trail Making Test(P<0.05);there was no statistical difference between the sham HD-tDCS group and the control group(P>0.05).In the Verbal Fluency Test,there were significant difference between the active HD-tDCS group and the sham HD-tDCS group\the control group(P<0.05);there was no statistical difference between the sham HD-tDCS group and the control group(P>0.05).In the Hopkin Verbal Learning Test,there were significant difference between the active HD-tDCS group and the sham HD-tDCS group\the control group(P<0.05);there was no statistical difference between the sham HD-tDCS group and the control group(P>0.05).6.The result of pearson correlation analysis showed that:the cumulative use time and addiction time of alcohol-dependent patients were positively correlated with the Trail Making Test(r=0.428 P=000;r=0.331,P= 0.002);addiction time was negatively correlated with the Verbal Fluency Test(r=-0.280 P=0.011).There was no statistical correlation in the rest(P>0.05).Conclusions1.After treatment,the cognitive function of patients in the three groups was improved,and the active HD-tDCS group was improved more significantly.2.The longer the cumulative drinking time and addiction time of alcohol-dependent patients,the longer the time required for the Trail Making Test,and the worse the attention and cognitive goal switching ability of alcohol-dependent patients.The longer periods of alcohol addiction were associated with lower word fluency scores,and the worse the working memory and executive control ability. |
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