| Background Schizophrenia(SCZ)has become a serious public health problem due to its high disability rates and high incidence rates,but its etiology is still unclear.Previous studies revealed that polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA)is related to the occurrence of schizophrenia,but the characteristic of fatty acid profile is not yet known.Whether the changes of fatty acids in schizophrenia are related to abnormal fatty acid catabolic metabolism is worthy of further research.Objective This research analyzed the changes in peripheral blood fatty acid composition and fatty acid catabolism-related proteins in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls,clarified the characteristics of fatty acid composition and fatty acid catabolism-related proteins of patients with schizophrenia,and explored the occurrence and catabolism of schizophrenia relationship,to provide new ideas for exploring the etiology and early diagnosis indicators of schizophrenia.Methods 1.Selection of research object The patients with schizophrenia were recruited from outpatients or newly admitted patients of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from June to December 2020.The selection of SCZ was according to the current clinically used schizophrenia diagnostic criteria(American Mental Disorders Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 4th Edition),including first episode schizophrenia patients or haven’t taken antipsychotic drugs within 3 months.At the same time,we excluded patients with unknown diagnosis,and accompanied by brain organic diseases and with severe physical diseases.The patients who had taken lipid-lowering drugs were also excluded.The control group was healthy peer,which was recruited from Xinxiang Medical University,no history of neurological disease,no family history of psychosis.General demographic between the two groups matched.The exclusion criteria were the same as above.We Recruited 30 people in each group.2.Sample collection A total of 10 m L of venous blood was drawn from the median cubital vein from 8:00 to 9:00 a.m.after fasting overnight,the serum and mononuclear cells were separated later.Finally,they were well stored.3.Determination of blood lipids and serum fatty acids Triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were measured by biochemical analyzer.Serum fatty acid composition was measured by gas chromatography.4.Detection of related enzymes and factors in fatty acid catabolism Mononuclear cells were used to determine the expression of the carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1(CPT1)of mitochondrial and the fatty acyl-Co A oxidase 1(ACOX1)of peroxisome and the activation of peroxisome proliferators receptor α(PPARα)(Western blot,real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR method).Results 1.Changes in blood lipids: Compared with healthy controls,TG,TC,HDL-C and LDL-C levels in SCZ patients were reduced(P<0.05).The differences in these indicators were statistically significant.2.Changes in serum fatty acids: Compared with healthy controls,the contents of C14:0 and C16:0 were decreased(P<0.01),the contents of C24:0 and very long-chain saturated fatty acids were increased(P<0.05);The contents of C14:1,C16:1 and C22:1 were increased(P<0.05);The contents of C18:2 and C18:3 were decreased(P<0.01),the content of total polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)was decreased(P<0.01),but the content of C22:2 was increased(P<0.05).3.Changes of related enzymes and factors in fatty acid catabolism: Compared with healthy controls,the expressions of PPARα and CPT1 in the SCZ group were increased(P<0.01,P<0.05),and the expression of ACOX1 was reduced(P<0.01).And the differences in these indicators were statistically significant.But the differences of m RNA level of ACOX1,CPT1 and PPARα were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions There are reduced blood lipids,abnormal fatty acid composition and catabolism in schizophrenia.Abnormal fatty acid catabolism may be one of the causes of fatty acid changes in schizophrenia. |
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