Hypoglycemic Effect And Mechanisms Of Silkworm Extract In T2DM Mice

Objective:To investigate the mechanisms of Silkworm extract on lowering blood glucose in T2DM mice.Methods:1 Oral glucose toleration test(OGTT)and Insulin toleration test(ITT)were used to detect the effects of Silkworm extract on islet function and insulin resistance(IR)in T2DM mice.The serum FRA,ADPN,TC and TG level were determined with ELISA kits.The content of muscle glycogen and liver glycogen as well as hepatic lipid was examined.2 HE staining was conducted to observe the protective effect of Silkworm extract on liver and pancreas of T2DM mice.IHC was detected to reflect the expression of insulin in pancreatic.3 Using gene chip technology to screen target genes for gene network relationship and signal pathway analysis.4 Q-PCR and Western blot were used to further clarify the hypoglycemic mechanism of Silkworm extract.5 16 sDNA sequencing technology were used to analyze the effect of Silkworm extract on diversity of intestinal flora in T2DM mice.6 Network pharmacological technology was used to analyze the mechanism of Silkworm on T2DM.Results:1 Silkworm extract were able to decline blood glucose,serum FRA,TC,TG level and liver fat content and increase ADPN level in T2DM mice.Simultaneously,Silkworm extract can promote glycogen synthesis in liver and muscle.2 Silkworm extract can protect β cells and reduce hepatic lipid accumulation of T2DM mice.3 According to gene chip results,19 potential genes of Silkworm extract against T2DM significantly enriched in PPAR signaling pathway.4 The Q-PCR results were consistent with the microarray results.Compared with NC group,the expression of Cd36,Fabp4 and Vldlr in MC group was up-regulated.Compared with MC group,the expression of Cd36,Fabp4 and Vldlr in Silkworm extract group was down-regulated.5 Western blot results showed that Silkworm extract significantly down-regulated the expression of CD36,FABP4,and increased the expression of PPARα in T2DM mice.At the same time,Silkworm extract can improve islet function by increasing the expression of PDX1 and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax in pancreas.6 Silkworm extract can ameliorate T2DM by enriching beneficial bacteria and reducing pathogenic bacteria.7 The results of network pharmacology showed that Silkworm can improve T2DM by modulating multi signaling pathways.Conclusion:1 The dual effect of Silkworm extract in both reducing insulin resistance and improving islet dysfunction were presented in this study.2 Silkworm extract can enrich beneficial flora,inhibit proliferation of pathogenic bacteria,and optimize the structure of gut microbiota to improve T2DM.3 Silkworm exerts lowering-blood glucose effects through the multi-component,multi-target and multi-pathway interaction laws and regulatory networks.