| Objective: Breast cancer is a cancer with a high incidence in the world,which does great harm to people’s physiology and psychology.Nowadays,with the improvement of medical technology and the increase of people’s health awareness,the incidence of breast cancer is gradually increasing.According to the global breast cancer data for 2020,the incidence of breast cancer was 2.26 million,ranking first in the incidence of cancer in the world.The immune system is a protective system of the human body,which can capture and kill foreign antigens,eliminate aging,dead and mutated cells,and maintain the stability of the body function.Tumors develop when mutated cells escape the killing effects of the immune system.A number of previous studies have shown that the prognosis of breast cancer patients and immune indicators have a relationship that cannot be ignored.With the development of immunology and the the increase of related research,immunotherapy is emerging gradually,which provides a new direction for the treatment of tumor.Immunotherapy for breast cancer is gradually developing.The purpose of this research is to study the correlation between peripheral blood cellular immunity and humoral immunity and the clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer,reflect the immune status of breast cancer patients,and provide certain reference significance for the assessment of the severity of breast cancer and the clinical application of immunotherapy.Methods: 1101 breast cancer patients with complete clinical and pathological data diagnosed and treated in Taizhou People’s Hospital from 2018 to 2021 and 102 patients with benign breast lesions with complete clinical and pathological data were collected.Peripheral blood cellular immune indexes(CD3+,CD3+CD4+,CD3+CD8+,CD19+,CD16+CD56+,CD4/CD8)and humoral immune-related indexes(IgG,Ig M,IgA,C3,C4)as well as pathological benign and malignant status of the patients were collected.According to pathological detection information,the patients were divided into benign lesion group and breast cancer group.The values of related indexes of cellular immunity and humoral immunity in peripheral blood of patients were recorded,and then the differences of preoperative cellular and humoral immunity related indexes in benign and malignant patients were compared and analyzed.2 A total of 80 cases of breast cancer patients with complete clinical and pathological data received and treated in Taizhou People’s Hospital from 2018 to 2021 were collected to collect preoperative cellular immunity and humoral immunity related indicators of patients.According to the basic situation of breast cancer patients,the patients were divided into elderly group and non-elderly group,menopausal group and pre-menopausal group.According to the clinicopathological characteristics,the patients were divided into invasive breast cancer group and non-invasive breast cancer group,tumor size T1,T2,T3 group,histological grade I,II,III group,clinical stage 0,I,II,III,IV group,lymph node metastasis group and no metastasis group,vascular cancer emboli group and no vascular cancer emboli group,perineural invasion group and no invasion group.Patients were divided into ER positive group and negative group,PR positive group and negative group,HER2 positive group and negative group,Ki67 high value group and low value group,triple negative breast cancer group and non-triple negative breast cancer group according to the immunohistochemical status of patients.The relationship between the indexes of cellular immunity and humoral immunity according to the different groups was compared.Results: 1.Compared with the benign group,the levels of CD3+CD4+ and CD19+ in the malignant group were lower(P<0.05).CD3+CD8+,CD4 / CD8,and C4 were higher(P<0.05).2 According to the basic clinical conditions,CD4/CD8 in the elderly group was lower than that in the non-elderly group in the age group(P<0.05).Compared with premenopausal group,CD3+ was decreased and CD16+CD56+ was increased in postmenopausal group(P<0.05).According to clinicopathological data grouping,CD3+CD4+ was higher in T3 patients than in T1 and T2 patients(P<0.05).Compared with the lymph node negative group,CD4/CD8 was higher in the positive group(P<0.05).Furthermore,the higher the histological grade,the lower the CD19+was(P<0.05).According to the immunohistochemical information grouping,the CD4/CD8 levels in the triple-negative group were higher than those in the non-triple-negative group(P<0.05).3 According to the clinical basic conditions,the CD4/CD8 values of the non-elderly patients were higher than those of the elderly patients in the age group(P<0.05).CD3+ was decreased and CD16+CD56+ was increased in postmenopausal patients compared with premenopausal patients(P<0.05).According to clinicopathological data grouping,the Ig M value of T3 patients was lower than that of T1 patients and T2 patients(P<0.05).The values of IgG and IgA were higher in lymph node positive group than in negative group(P<0.05).IgA was increased in patients with invasive breast cancer compared with those with carcinoma in situ(P<0.05).And compared with the group without vascular tumor thrombus,the IgG and IgA values of the group with vascular tumor thrombus were higher(P<0.05).Conclusion: Patients with breast cancer have lower immunity than those with benign breast disease,indicating that the occurrence of breast cancer is related to immunosuppression.Moreover,the changes in the value and percentage of humoral immunity and cellular immunity in the peripheral blood before surgery can be used to infer the severity of the patient’s disease at an early stage.Meanwhile,the changes in the immune status also add a certain theoretical basis for the immunotherapy of breast cancer. |
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