Correlation Analysis Of Heavy Metal Elements In Urine And Acute Leukemia In Children

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between the level of metal elements in urine and the incidence of childhood acute leukemia,to reveal the risk factors of childhood acute leukemia,and to monitor the changes in the content of these elements to guide the clinical practice and prevent the occurrence of childhood leukemia caused by environmental factors.MethodsA total of 43 children with primary acute leukemia who visited the Department of Pediatric Hematology,Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University from April to September 2019 were selected as the case group.All the children were less than 14 years old,and genetic metabolic and chromosome abnormalities were excluded.A total of 64 children with normal physical examination who visited the department of Child Health care of Shenyang Children’s Hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.Age and gender were matched with the case group,and tumors and chromosomal abnormalities were excluded.The general information of the subjects was recorded in the form of questionnaire,and their fresh morning urine was collected(before chemotherapy in the case group).The contents of metal elements in the specimens were detected by ICP-MS,and univariate and multivariate analyses were performed by Logistic model.ResultsThe general situation questionnaire showed that the proportion of pregnant mothers taking iron supplements was 17.2%(16/43)in the case group and the control group,respectively.17.2%(11/64),the difference was statistically significant(X~2=5.47,P=0.02).Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the contents(median)of lead and mercury were 1.95 and 0.48(Wald X~2=16.70,P<0.05),mercury were 0.76 and 0.87(Wald X~2=1.12,P=0.18),vanadium was 6.18 and 3.03(Wald X~2=0.12,P<0.05),arsenic was 50.96 and 35.36(Wald X~2=16.61,P<0.05),and iron was 56.72 and 15.77(Wald X~2=20.33).(P<0.05),chromium was 3.32,2.77(Wald X~2=0.11,P=0.002),manganese was 5.28,2.49(Wald X~2=14.01,P<0.05),nickel was3.46,5.04(Wald X~2=0.05,P=0.48),cobalt was 1.06,0.84(Wald X~2=6.32,P=0.012),copper was 64.21,9.81(Wald X~2=4.55,P<0.05),The elements with statistically significant differences between the two groups were lead,vanadium,arsenic,iron,chromium,manganese,cobalt and copper.Multivariate regression analysis showed that increased urine iron content increased the risk of acute leukemia in children(OR=1.012;95%CI=1.002-1.016).ConclusionUrine iron content is correlated with the incidence of childhood acute leukemia,but its specific mechanism needs to be further studied.