Studies On The Chemical Constituents From Garcinia Paucinervis Fruits And Their Bioactivities

We reviewed biological characteristic,chemical components and pharmacological activities of the Garcinia paucinervis which belongs to the Garcinia genus of Guttiferae family.The total of 86 compounds from the stems,leaves and seeds of G.paucinervis were generalized and classified by structure types.It will provide a scientific basis for exploring the plant resources and utilization in depth.Twenty six compounds（1-26）were isolated from the fruits of G.paucinervis by modern separation technology,including nine polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols（PPAPs）（1-9）,which were identified as paucinochymol A-C（1-3）,7-epi-isogarcinol（4）,isogarcinol（5）,garcicowin C（6）,symphonone I（7）,garcinialone（8）,symphonone H（9）;fifteen tocotrienol derivatives（10-14,16-25）,which were identified as paucinochymol G-H（10-11）,paucinochymol D-F（12-14）,sargaol（16）,δ-tocotrienol（17）,β-tocotrienol（18）,garcimultine C（19）,5-formyl-δ-tocotrienol（20）,7-formyl-δ-tocotrienol（21）,paucinochymol XX（22）,paucinochymol I-K（23-25）,a monocyclic diterpenoid paucinochymolide A（15）and acyclic diterpenoids geranylgeraniol（26）.Among them,including twelve new compounds（1-3,11-16,24-26）,compounds 1-3 belongs to type B of BPAPs with major bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4,9-trione core.Paucinochymol A（1）is the first compound of this type bearing the 2,2-dimethyl-5-（propen-2-yl）-3-methylene etetrahydrofuran moiety at C-1.Compounds 10 and 11 belongs to tocotrienol derivative with new tricycle[7.2.1.0^2,7]undecane skeleton.Compound 12 possessesδ-tocotrienol skeleton which occupied an unusual oxacyclicnonadecane ring,and 13belongs to tocotrienol derivative bearing rare skeleton with a pyrano-o-quinone methine structure.The antiproliferative activities of 22 compounds（1-21,26）against three human tumor cell lines（Hep G2,T98G and MCF-7）were measured by CCK-8 method.Compound 5 showed good antiproliferative activity against three tested tumor cell lines with IC₅₀values of 13.32μM（Hep G2）,13.16μM（T98G）,15.97μM（MCF-7）respectively.Compounds 4 and 7 showed significant antiproliferative activity against Hep G2 and T98G cells.Compounds 8 and 20 showed good antiproliferative activity only aginst T98G cells.The results showed that PPAPs might be responsible for the antiproliferative activity of the fruits of G.paucinervis.It is worth to be further researched.The anti-inflammatory activities of 22 compounds（1-21,26）were tested by measuring the nitric oxide production inhibitory activity of lipopolysaccharides-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.The results showed that 12（paucinochymol D）displayed notablely inhibitory effects against nitric oxide（NO）production with the IC₅₀value as 19.83μM.The others compounds have insufficient potential inhibitory effects against nitric oxide（NO）production,and do not show significantly anti-inflammatory activity.11 compounds（1-3,5-9,12-14）of the antioxidant activities were meaxured by DPPH scavenging assay.The results showed that most of the PPAPs had potential ability to scavenge free radicals.Among them,compounds 1,3,5-9 showed good antioxidant activity.Compound 1（paucinochymol A）has the strongest free radical scavenging ability with IC₅₀value as 38.12μM.