Applying Digital Technology To Assess Gingival Biotype And Bone Plate Thickness In The Aesthetic Zone Of Maxillary Anterior Teeth

Purpose:The purpose of this study is to measure the thickness of the soft and hard tissues of the maxillary anterior teeth by using cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)combined with model scanning,and to explore the correlation between the gingival thickness of the maxillary anterior teeth and gender,age,tooth position and alveolar bone plate thickness,and provide a reference for the clinical comprehensive assessment of the maxillary anterior teeth gingival biotype.Materials and Methods:CBCT image data and model data of 40 patients who had no loss of maxillary anterior teeth in the Department of Stomatology of Fujian Medical University Union Hospital were selected to meet the inclusion criteria.The images were collected using cone beam CT,plaster casts of maxillary teeth and UP360 scanner.Image reconstruction and measurement were performed with CS 3D Imaging V3 and 3Shape Implant Studio software.The sagittal plane was used as the measurement plane to measure the gingival thickness of the maxillary anterior teeth at 1mm below the gingival margin of the labial side,the gingival thickness of the labial side at the crest of the alveolar ridge,and the thickness of the labial bone plate at the crest of the alveolar ridge,and analyze the correlation between them.Results:1.There was no statistically significant difference in the gingival thickness of the incisors,lateral incisors and canines with the same name on the left and right sides of the upper jaw at 1 mm below the gingival margin of the labial lip and on the lip side of the alveolar crest.2.The gingival thickness of the right maxillary central incisor at 1mm below the labial gingival margin was thicker than that of the right maxillary lateral incisors and canines at the corresponding sites.The gingival thickness of the right maxillary central incisor at the alveolar crest was thicker than that of the right maxillary lateral incisors and canines at the corresponding sites.The difference between the gingival thickness of maxillary central incisors and lateral incisors and canines was statistically significant.3.The gingival thickness of the right maxillary central incisor,lateral incisor and canine at the top of the alveolar ridge is thicker than their gingival thickness at 1 mm below the labial gingival margin,and the difference is statistically significant.4.The thickness of the labial bone plate at the top of the alveolar crest of the left maxillary incisor is thicker than that of the right maxillary incisor,and the difference is statistically significant;The thickness of the labial bone plate at the top of the alveolar ridge of the maxillary canine is thicker than that of the maxillary central incisor and maxillary lateral incisor,and the difference is statistically significant.5.There is a positive correlation between the gingival thickness at the top of the alveolar ridge and the thickness of the bone plate below it,r = 0.1562.6.The maxillary central incisors,lateral incisors,and canines gingiva have different biotype composition ratios,but there is no significant correlation with gender and age.Conclusions:Using CBCT combined with model scanning method quantitative measurement analysis of maxillary anterior teeth with gingival biotype and bone plate thickness study finds: There is a positive correlation between the gingival thickness and the bone thickness at the top of the alveolar ridge in the maxillary anterior teeth.The gingival biotypes of different teeth have significant differences,but have nothing to do with gender and age.The gingival biotypes of the maxillary central incisors and canines are mainly thick gingival biotype,while the maxillary lateral incisors are mainly thin gingival biotype.