Active Ingredients From Houttuynia Cordata And Recovery Of Colitis Function In Mice

Ulcerative colitis(UC)is one of the most common clinical subtypes of inflammation,which has chronic,repetitive,non-specific characteristics.The lesions are mainly concentrated in the colonic mucosa and submucosa.Ulcerative colitis can lead to a decrease in quality of their lives for patients,and if it is not treated effectively,it can easily increase the risk of colon cancer.The current first-line mainstream drugs for the treatment of UC,5-aminosalicylic acid(ASA)and sulfasalazine(SASP),have side effects such as unstable therapeutic effects and liver and kidney toxicity.Therefore,researching and screening of drugs with stable treatment effects and low toxic or side effects have become urgent tasks in clinical treatment of UC.According to references,Houttuynia cordata is anti-inflammatory and can treat gastric ulcers.Therefore,in this study,HC active ingredients were selected as research objects for anti-inflammatory and regulating intestinal microecological balance,and a mouse colitis model was established.The effects of active ingredients from Houttuynia cordata on UC in mice were evaluated by analyzing the effects of HC active ingredients on body weight changes,blood routine biochemical indicators,inflammatory factors,histopathology,and other indicators of colitis mice.The main contents and results are as follows:1.The polysaccharides,total phenolic acids and total flavonoids in HC were extracted by water extraction and alcohol precipitation,organic solvent extraction of different polarity and cellulase assisted extraction.The extraction rates of HC crude polysaccharides were 4.6% and 7.3%,total flavonoids 4.4% and 6.5%,total phenolic acid 5.7% and 6.9% respectively.The total polysaccharides content in crude polysaccharides can reach 73.0%,chlorogenic acid content in total phenolic acid can reach 6.63%,and rutin content in total flavonoids can reach 5.7%2.Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococcus aureus,and Bacillus subtilis were selected as experimental subjects for in vitro bacteriostasis.It was determined that 100 g/L of Houttuynia cordata polysaccharides against E.coli,S.aureus,and B.subtilis all have antibacterial effects,but no antibacterial effect on P.aeruginosa,Moreover the antibacterial activity of 50 g/L polysaccharide extract on B.subtilis is equivalent to 1 g/L ampicillin(Amp).The 100 g/L of Houttuynia cordata flavone extract has antibacterial effect on S.aureus,B.subtilis,E.coli,and P.aeruginosa.Besides 100g/L phenolic acid extract has antibacterial effect on E.coli,S.aureus,P.aeruginosa,and B.subtilis.3.Mice were randomly divided into 15 groups such as polysaccharide group,phenolic acid group,and flavonoid group,10 mice in each group,with a body weight of(18 ± 2.0)g,and the DSS was used for intragastric administration at a concentration of3.5%.The model group was treated with DSS for 9 days,followed by normal drinking water for another 3 days.The body weight was weighed every 3 days,and feces were picked.The model group was randomly selected on day 13 with four mice and repeated in the blank group and they were weighed and sacrificed.The body weight was recorded,and the colon was dissected.It was found that the weight of the model group was significantly slower than that of the blank group.There will be varying degrees of weight loss in day 12 in model groups,in addition,the colon is shortened with slight swelling and liver and kidneys are dissected and weighed.The results show that the liver and kidney weights of the model group mice are 29.0% and 21.6% greater than those of the blank group.The results showed that 3.5% DSS-induced mice developed human-like UC symptoms,indicating successful modeling.4.In terms of pathological sections of colon tissue,it showed that HC ingredients could improve UC in mice.The control group had normal colon structure,no inflammatory cell infiltration,and complete mucosal structure.The glands in the colon mucosa of mice show different degrees of defects.Different doses of Houttuynia cordata extract can improve the degree of colon ulcer and inflammatory cell infiltration in mice to varying degrees.Medium and high doses of HC polysaccharides and total phenolic acids can reduce the expression of inflammatory factors,and compared with the first-line SASP for UC,it has the characteristics of not harming the liver and kidneys.In the matter of the analysis about mice on body weight changes,DAI Score,the index of colon,liver-kidney and inflammatory factors.It can be concluded that HC extract can improve the weight loss caused by DSS-induced enteritis.And it can also reduce DAI Score,the index of colon,liver-kidney increase.It can improve the rise of inflammatory factors from varying degrees.Among them,the high doses of polysaccharide and total phennolic acid have significant therapeutica effects.In the case of AST and CR,the measured values of some mice in treatment group were slightly higher than those in blank group,but far lower than those in DSS group.It might be considered the HC extract may cause extra burden for metabolism in liver and kidney.5.According to metagenomic analysis of fecal flora in mice,HC extract can significantly improve the composition and distribution of intestinal flora,which includes Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes,and Proteobacteria.In addition,HC extract can increase the proportion of Bacteroides phylum from different degrees,reduce the proportion of thick-walled and Proteobacteria phylum,and the improvement effect is better than sulfasalazine for the treatment of enteritis in mice.