Identification And Development Of The Cultivars Of Allium Subgenus Cepa（Mill.） Radi（?）

Objective: The DNA barcode candidate sequences ITS,psb A-trn H,mat K and rbc L were used to investigate the phylogenetic relationship and molecular identification methods of Allium subgenus Cepa（Mill.）Radi（?） cultivars and their related species.Methods: Collecting a total of 8 kinds of 31 with A.cepa L.,A.cepiforme G.Don.,A.cepa var.aggregatum G.Don.,A.cepa var.proliferum（Moench）Regel.Of sect.Cepa,A.chinense G.Don.and its related species samples of sect.Sacculiferum,were collected and amplified by DNA extraction,PCR amplification and sequencing.By integrating the existing sequence data of Gen Bank,we used Maximum Parsimony（MP）,Bayesian inference（BI）,and Neighbor-Joining（NJ）for phylogenetic reconstruction.Results: 1,The phylogenetic reconstruction of ITS（a total of 80 sequences of 13 species and 2variants）and mat K（a total of 31 sequences of 7 species and 2 varieties）of the sect.Cepa showed that the group consisted of Altaicum alliance,Galanthum +Oschaninii alliance and Cepa alliance.The evolutionary branch of the three groups,and its systematic evolution may be a collateral relationship.Among them,A.cepa var.aggregatum are nested in three evolutionary branches in the ITS evolutionary tree,and only in the mat K system tree is associated with Altaicum alliance;A.cepa var.proliferum is related to Altaicum alliance and Galanthum + Oschaninii alliance,and has nothing to do with Cepa alliance;A.cepiforme is only related to Altaicum alliance,has nothing to do with Cepa alliance.2,The phylogenetic reconstruction of the ITS-based sect.Sacculiferum and related groups（62 sequences of 19 species and 2 variants）showed that ITS was not suitable as a barcode sequence for sect.Sacculiferum,However,Allium komarovianum Vved.,which is treated as a different name for A.sacculiferum Maxim.,is a sister group of all groups in the group.Allium longistylum on the Korean peninsula is nestled in the sect.Sacculiferum,and the long-pillars produced in China are closely related to A.flavovirens.3,Molecular identification evaluation of psb A-trn H,mat K and rbc L based A.chinense and its related species（60 sequences of 5 species and 1 variant）showed that psb A-trn H could not identify A.chinense and its related species,while mat K and rbc L and the combination can effectively distinguish A.chinense and its close relatives.Conclusions:1,According to the tree diagram prompt: A.cepa var.aggregatum should be of hybrid origin and do not support treatment as onion variants,recommended for treatment as A.× aggregatum;A.cepa var.proliferum supports the classification treatment of hybrids,namely A.×proliferm,not a variant of onion;A.cepiforme is diploid,may not be the origin of hybridization,it is recommended to be treated as a synonym or variant of A.fistulosum L.2,A.komarovianum Vved.should restore the taxonomic status as an independent species;The tree diagram shows that it is not supported to place A.longistylum in sect.Sacculiferum and sect.Condensatum.3,psb A-trn H can not be used as a DNA barcode sequence to identify A.chinense and its related species,and mat K and rbc L and their combinations can be used as DNA barcode sequences to identify A.chinense and its related species.