Effects Of Dexmedetomidine On Cellular Immune Function In Patients Undergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy For Breast Cancer

Objective:To observe the effect of dexmedetomidine on cellular immune function in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer.Methods:A total of112 primary breast cancer patients(aged 18-70 years,ASAI-III,TNM stage T_2-3N_0-2M₀)who underwent modified radical mastectomy of breast cancer in our hospital from December 2019 to June 2020 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group according to the number table,including 57 cases in the observation group and 55 cases in the control group.In the observation group,dexmedetomidine was continuously injected intravenously at the rate of 1ug/kg 15min before anesthesia induction,and then at the rate of 0.5μg/（kg·h）for 2h.In the patients with less than 2h operation time,dexmedetomidine was continuously injected until the end of surgery.The control group continued to pump the same amount of saline.The peripheral venous blood of breast cancer patients was collected before anesthesia induction,i.e.,before surgery and 24h after surgery,and the percentages of CD3⁺,CD4⁺,CD8⁺cells,NK cells,interferon-γ（IFN-γ）,interleukin-4（Interleukin-4）and CD3⁺,CD4⁺,CD8⁺cells were detected by flow cytometry.IL-4 and interleukin-12（IL-12）expression levels.Results:There were no significant differences in general condition,operation and anesthesia time,and intraoperative anesthesia dosage between 2 groups（P>0.05）.The percentages of CD3⁺,CD4⁺,NK cells and the expression levels of IL-12 and IFN-γin 2groups after surgery were decreased compared with that before surgery（P<0.05）,while the percentages of CD8⁺cells and the expression levels of IL-4 were increased compared with that before surgery（P<0.05）.The percentages of CD3⁺,CD4⁺,NK cells and the expression levels of IL-12 and IFN-γin observation group at 24 h after surgery were higher than those in control group（P<0.05）,while the percentage of CD8⁺cells and the expression levels of IL-4 were lower than those in control group（P<0.05）.Conclusion:Perioperative use of dexmedetomidine can improve cellular immune function in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer.