| To study the health status,growth performance and enrichment of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids（PUFAs）in fattening pigs by adding puffed flaxseed to the diet,and the expression of key metabolic genes for FADS1,FADS2,ELOVL2 and ELOVL5 PUFAs Impact.In this experiment,the equivalent replacement method was used to add different doses of expanded flaxseed（2%,4%,and 6%）to the fattening pig diet,so that the ratio of ω-6 and ω-3PUFAs in the diet was close to 5: 1,3: 1 and 1: 1.In the same breeding environment,120 ternary hybrid fattening pigs of similar weight were divided into 4 groups according to the principle of random grouping,namely CK（control group）,T1（test group）,T2（test Two groups）,T3（three groups of trials）,each group has 5 repetitions,and each repetition is assigned 6 fattening pigs.One week of pre-feeding and eight weeks of formal test to determine their growth performance,and serum was collected at the end of the test to analyze serum biochemical indicators,antioxidant capacity,immunoglobulin,cytokines and fatty acid composition and correlation in each tissue Gene expression.The test results are as follows:（1）Increasing the dosage of puffed linseed in the diet,the average daily weight gain and average daily feed intake of the CK group were not significantly different from the results of the test groups（P> 0.05）;T2 and T3 were significantly higher than those of T1 and CK（P<0.05）,of which T2 was higher than T3（P> 0.05）.（2）The content of ALB in T1 was significantly lower than that of the other three groups（P> 0.05）;the content of AST in T3 was significantly higher than that of the other three groups（P <0.05）,in which both T1 and T2 were higher than CK（P> 0.05）;CHO The content results showed that the test group was higher than the CK group（P> 0.05）.However,the results of GLU,TG,and TP content were opposite.The test content of the test group was lower than that of the control group（P> 0.05）;there was no significant difference between the HDL,LDL,ALT,and GRE content groups（P> 0.05）.The results of LDH content detection were significantly lower in the CK group than in the test group,and there was no significant difference between the test groups（P <0.05）;the greater the amount of addition,the higher the GSH-PX content,and the T2 group content was significantly higher than the other test groups（P < 0.05）;In the SOD results,CK is higher than T2 and significantly higher than T1 and T3（P <0.05）;T-AOC and T-CAT results show that the content of the test group is higher than the control group,but each test group There was no significant difference between them（P> 0.05）.（3）For the detection results of Ig A,Ig G and Ig M content,there was no significant difference between the test group and the CK group（P> 0.05）,but the measured value of Ig G content in each test group was higher than that of the CK group.There was no significant difference in the content of IL-1β between the groups（P> 0.05）.When the amount of puffed flaxseed reached 4%,IL-4,IL-18,IL-6,IL-10,NF-The measured values of kb and CORT are significantly higher than those of other test groups and control groups（P <0.05）and there is no significant difference between the remaining three groups.Overall,when the amount of puffed flaxseed added increases,each test index follows The increase then shows a decreasing trend.（4）The ratio of ω-6 / ω-3PUFAs between the groups was extremely significant（P <0.05）.With the increase of the dosage,the ratio of ω-6 / ω-3PUFAs decreased,and the results obtained at each part showed that the ratio was the lowest at the highest amount of addition and the ratio of different parts was different.The ratio of the lowest forearm reached 2.25: 1;the posterior buttocks The lowest ratio of the position reached 1.82: 1;the lowest ratio of the longest muscle of the back and waist reached 1.22: 1;the lowest ratio of the Abdominal rid part reached 1.38:1.It can reach 1.55: 1 in the heart;1.17: 1 in the liver;and 1.73: 1 in the kidney.（5）The relative expression levels of FADS1,FADS2,ELOVL2 and ELOVL5 in the tissues are different.In the forearm,as puffed flaxseed is added to the diet of the test group,the relative expression level of RNA compared with the CK group Significantly decreased（P <0.05）,and the expression level was the highest in each test group when the addition amount was 2%,and there was no significant difference in expression level between the T2 and T3 groups.In the posterior buttocks,the expression levels of FADS1 in the T2 and T3 groups were significantly higher than those in the CK group and the control group（P <0.05）;the expression levels of FADS2 were not significantly different between the test group and the control group（P> 0.05）,and T3 The expression level of the group was the highest;the expression levels of T1FADS2,ELOVL2 and ELOVL5 of the longest muscle of the back and waist were significantly higher than those of the other groups（P <0.05）;There was no significant difference（P> 0.05）,but the expression of ELOVL2 in T1 and T2 was significantly higher than that in other groups（P <0.05）,but there was no significant difference between the two groups;the expression of FADS1 and ELOVL5 in each group was not significant at the heart site The difference（P> 0.05）,and the expression level of FADS2 was higher than that of other groups when the added amount of puffed flaxseed was 6%.The expression level of ELOVL2 is the highest when the dosage is2%;the liver test results show that when the dosage reaches 6%,the expression levels of each detected gene in the liver are relatively high,and the gene expression of FADS1 and ELOVL5 is significantly higher at this dosage Higher than other groups（P <0.05）,but T2 group results were higher than T1 group.The expression of each gene in the T3 group at the kidney site was higher.There was no significant difference in the expression levels of FADS1 and FDAS2 in each test group（P> 0.05）.When the addition amount was 6%,the expression levels of ELOVL2 and ELOVL5 were significantly higher than those of other groups（P <0.05）.In summary,adding puffed flaxseed to the diet has a certain reduction in the feed reward of fattening pigs,which can improve the health of fattening pigs to a certain extent,and can adjust the ratio of ω-6 and ω-3PUFA to an appropriate proportion.The results of this test showed that the optimal dosage of puffed flaxseed added to the diet was 4%.The increased expression of FADS1,FADS2,ELOVL2 and ELOVL5 in the tissue can promote the synthesis of PUFAs,but currently,the mechanism of affecting the expression of related genes by adding puffed flaxseed to the diet to adjust the ratio of PUFAs is not yet clear. |
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