Determination Of Avermectins Residues In Honey By Dispersive Liquid-liquid Microextraction And High Performance Liquid Chromatography

Avermectins（AVMs）are effective in treating parasitic diseases in animals,but excessive use of AVMs causes cumulation and residues in animal-derived foods,which endangers the safety and health of consumers.This study responded to the call of Green Analytical Chemistry and developed new sample pretreatment techniques with liquid chromatography fluorescence detector for detection of AVMs（Avermectin,Eprinomectin,Doramectin,Emamectin）in edible honey.The four AVMs residues in honey were detected by ultrasound-assisted-dispersed liquid-liquid microextraction-high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection（UA-DLLME-HPLC-FLD）.Under optimum chromatographic conditions,samples were separated on a Symmetry Shield TM^RP18 column when water and acetonitrile were mobile phases.The optimum extraction conditions were as follows:the concentration of hydromel solution was 100 g/L;the extractant was 80μL chloroform;the dispersant was 0.8 m L acetone;the ultrasound extraction time was 5 min;the concentration of Na Cl was 3%;the p H value was not adjusted.Under optimum conditions,the resultant calibration curves were linear over the concentration good range of 0.005～1μg/m L.The average recoveries of the three spiked levels（0.05μg/g,0.5μg/g,5.0μg/g）were calculated between 57.3%and 70.2%.The intra-day and inter-day repeatability varied from 3.8%to 10.5%and from 5.3%to 9.8%.The limits of detection and quantification were 0.01～0.015μg/g and 0.03～0.05μg/g.Using safe and environmentally friendly ionic liquid（IL）with vortex-assisted instead of chloroform and ultrasound-assisted to improve UA-DLLME-HPLC-FLD method.A vortex-assisted-ionic liquid-dispersed liquid-liquid microextraction-high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detector method（VA-IL-DLLME-HPLC-FLD）was established.The optimum extraction conditions were as follows:the sample volume was 5 m L;the extractant was 70μL[OMIM][PF₆];the dispersant was 0.8 m L acetone;the vortex extraction time was 3 min;the centrifugation speed was 6000 rpm and the centrifugation time was 5 min;the concentration of Na Cl was 0%;the p H value was not adjusted.Under optimum conditions,the resultant calibration curves were linear over the concentration good range of 0.005～1μg/m L.The average recoveries of the three spiked levels（0.02μg/g,0.2μg/g,2.0μg/g）were calculated between 64.6%and 80.2%.The intra-day and inter-day repeatability varied from2.2%to 9.2%and from 5.9%to 9.6%.The limits of detection and quantification were0.004～0.006μg/g and 0.012～0.018μg/g.