Selection And Identification Of Blue-Grained Germplasms Derived From Thinopyrum Ponticum

Blue-grained wheat is developed from distant hybridization between common wheat and its related species.Due to the anthocyanin carried,they have many health efficacies,such as anti-oxidation,anti-cancer and decreasing blood sugar.Thinopyrum ponticum（2n=10x=70,St St St St E^eE^eE^bE^bE^xE^xor JJJJJJJ^SJ^SJ^SJ^S）is a valuable gene pool for wheat genetic improvement,is one of the most widely used and successful wheat related species.A batch of blue-grained germplasms were developed by crossing octoploid Trititrigia SNTE20 with common wheat.In the present study,they were identified by methods of morphology,cytology and molecular biology,and the main results are as follows:1.Indentification of twenty-one wheat-Th.ponticum blue-grained disomic alien substitution lines.GISH-FISH showed that the twenty-one blue-grained germplasms were4E（4D）disomic substitution lines.Comparing with their parents and among themselves,the differences of FISH bands were found to be mainly on the chromosomes 2A,4A,6A,7A,1B,2B,6B,1D,2D,and so on.Therefore,they exhibited different agronomic traits,such as plant height and spike length.It suggested that they were different disomic alien substitution lines,and chromosomal structural variation occurred during their formation.2.Two wheat-Th.ponticum blue-grained disomic alien addition lines were obtained.GISH-FISH showed that both B20091 and B20096 contained twenty-one pairs of wheat chromosomes and one pair of Th.ponticum 4E chromosomes.Compared with parental chromosomes,B20091 produced signal differences on the chromosome arms 2AL,1BS,4BL,6BS,7BS and 1DS,and B20096 on the chromosome arms 2AS,4BL,6BS,1DS,2DL and5DL.FISH differences were also present on the chromosome arms 2AS,2AL,1BS,7BS,1DS,2DL and 5DL between the two additions.3.Fourteen IT markers were selected out to be specific to the chromosome 4E of Th.Ponticum（CINAU1272,CINAU1283,CINAU1285,CINAU1287,CINAU1303,CINAU1317,CINAU1324,CINAU1325,CINAU1328,CINAU1330,CINAU1331,CINAU1344,CINAU1347 and CINAU1354）.4.Four blue-graind germplasms were found to carry positive agronomic traits.The plant height of B20047,B20086,B20087 and B20094 was 86.8 cm,77.7 cm,74.2 cm and86.4 cm,respectively.And the number of grains per spike was 76,43,58 and 54,respectively.The thousand-grain weight averaged from 40 to 42.5 g.Therefore,they can be used in wheat breeding programes.