| Forests are the mainstay of terrestrial ecosystems.It has various functions such as water conservation and climate regulation,and it plays a key role in the life community.As the first pilot of the ecological compensation mechanism for the horizontal watershed in China,the evaluation of the forest ecological compensation standard in Huangshan City is of great significance for strengthening ecological resource management and realizing sustainable ecological compensation.This study takes Huangshan City as the research area,takes farmers in She County,and Xiuning County as the survey object.It is studied from different perspectives such as macro literature perspective,micr o peasant household perspective,polycentric governance perspective,and market game perspective.Using benefit transfer method,contingent valuation method,and experimental auction method.And based on three different sets of data obtained from literature extraction,peasant household questionnaire survey,and experimental auction contract.This paper effectively evaluates the value of forest ecosystem services by constructing a meta-regression model.Furthermore,the hierarchical linear model and multivariate probit model were constructed to analyze the differences in farmers’willingness to accept and its influencing factors.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Meta-analysis benefit transfer results showed that the price of forest ecosystem services in Huangshan City has been increasing from 63545.21 yuan/hm~2 in 2010 to84079.86 yuan/hm~2 in 2019 since the implementation of the ecological compensation policy in the Xin’anjiang River Basin.The growth rate has reached 32.32%.Among the various service functions,the total value per unit area represented by water conservation and atmospheric regulation is the highest,followed by the support services represented by the protection of biodiversity.And the total value per unit area of supply service is the lowest.(2)The results of the HLM model show that farmers’willingness to accept is affected not only by individual characteristics,production and management characteristics,social capital,and other variables but also by location conditions,natural socio-economic characteristics,and policy implementation characteristics at the village group level.And the impact of village group-level variables on farmers’willingness to be compensated includes not only direct influence but also indirect influence on individual-level variables.Finally,by bringing the average value of each variable into the complete regression model,we can get that the willingness to be compensated for the value of forest ecosystem services of farmers is about563.51 yuan/mu per year.(3)The experimental auction results showed that there were significant differences in farmers’willingness to accept at different quality levels.Farmers with different individual characteristics,family characteristics,production characteristics,policy cognition,and ecological consciousness also have significant differences in their willingness to accept at the same quality level.Finally,the average willingness of farmers to receive compensation for the low,middle and high levels of forest ecosystem services under the experimental auction was 1141.51,1566.25,and 2070.96 yuan/mu/year,respectively.(4)Based on the above results,this study takes the results of value benefit transfer of forest ecosystem services as the basic reference.According to the situation of local economic development,the compensation willingness of farmers obtained by the CVM method is taken as the lower limit of compensation standard.The maximum average asking price of farmers at all levels obtained by the experimental auction method is taken as the upper limit of the compensation standard.Finally,it is concluded that the reasonable interval of Huangshan city at present forest ecological compensation standard for[563.51,2070.96](yuan/mu per year).In view of the above conclusions,this study puts forward some suggestions such as formulating differential compensation standards,improv ing the existing compensation standards,diversifying compensation methods,improving farmers’policy awareness and ecological awareness,and building a market-oriented compensation mechanism. |
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