Effect Of Organic-inorganic Compound Fertilizer On Yield And Quality Of Flue-cured Tobacco In Mountainous Soil

In order to improve the quality and industrial availability of tobacco leaves in the northern Guizhou(Zunyi)tobacco area,we have made organic-inorganic compound fertilizers,improved the types and dosages of fertilizers,etc.,in order to achieve soil cultivation,improve the quality of tobacco leaves,increase the output value of tobacco leaves,and further highlight the Zunyi Mountain Tobacco style,promote the sustainable development of flue-cured tobacco production in Zunyi tobacco areas.Treatments of 3 levels and 3 factors,including moisture content of organic fertilizer(25%,33%,41%),binder ratio(0,5%,10%),oil use(88.9 kg,133.3 kg,177.8 kg),were chosen to set the orthogonal tests of L9.we explored the effects of different process parameters on fertilizer granulation,physical property index and nutrient release.The results showed that the optimal parameters was 33%-41%of water content in the organic fertilizer without a binder and with the addition of oil at an amount of 88.9-133.3 kg per ton of compound fertilizer raw material.Bentonite binder had no obvious effect on fertilizer yield,but the proper increased of the amount can improve the fertilizer hardness.The fertilizer under above conditions had the characteristics of relatively round granules,firm hardness of the granules,not brittle,and small bulk density.The granules were easy to collapse to release sufficient nutrient,which led to high yield,low production cost,and high productivity.Frame experiment was used to set four treatments:unfertilized,local conventional fertilizer,2:1 and 1:1 organic-inorganic compound fertilizer to study the release rule of different fertilizer nutrients in mountain soil.The results showed that no matter whether it is 7cm or 14cm away from the fertilization center,in the same period,3fertilization treatments at 3 different depths(0-20cm,20-40cm,40-60cm)soil alkali-decomposed N,available P,available K and organic matter content are not obvious,all are weak variation strength;Compared with local conventional fertilizers,2:1 organic-inorganic compound fertilizers and 1:1 organic-inorganic compound fertilizers have an average increase of 10.9%,7.0%,7.0%,4.7%and 10.7%,12.6%,6.6%;the average increase of organic matter was 52.9%and 52.1%respectively.Control the same inorganic nutrients of N,P and K by frame planting experiment.Setting on unfertilizered,applying local conventional fertilizer,2:1 and 1:1organic-inorganic compound fertilizer 4 treatments to study the treatment of tobacco plants with different fertilizer treatments root,stem,leaf and whole plant dry matter accumulation,nutrient content,nutrient accumulation,and the effects of nutrient use.The results showed that:Compared with conventional fertilizer,the application of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer significantly reduced the N content of tobacco leaves,and the P content of each organ of the tobacco plant was not obvious,which was beneficial to increase the K content of the tobacco plant stem,leaf and whole plant;The absorption of tobacco promotes the accumulation of K in the stems,leaves and whole plants of tobacco plants;it affects the distribution ratio of N,P and K nutrients in various organs of tobacco plants;it improves the apparent and economic utilization rate of nutrients K.Compared with local conventional fertilizer,the dry matter accumulation of tobacco plant roots,stems,leaves and whole plant with 2:1organic-inorganic compound fertilizer increased by 4.32%,4.32%,5.34%and 4.88%respectively,and the K accumulation of tobacco leaves increased by 7.64%,The apparent and economic utilization of nutrient K increased by 6.57%and 4.29%respectively;while the organs of tobacco plants applying 1:1 organic-inorganic compound fertilizer decreased in dry matter accumulation,and the accumulation of K in tobacco leaves increased by 1.24%.The apparent and economic utilization rate of nutrient K increased by 1.62%and 1.53%respectively.Therefore,2:1organic-inorganic compound fertilizer performs better.A field test was adopted to set the application of local conventional fertilizer and2:1,1.5:1,1:1 organic-inorganic compound fertilizer,high and low dosage,a total of 7treatments.The effects of different suitable amount of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer on the appearance quality,smoking quality,chemical composition and economic properties of tobacco leaves were studied.The results showed that,compared with local conventional fertilizers,organic-inorganic compound fertilizers can improve the appearance and smoking quality of tobacco leaves,improve chemical composition,and improve economic properties.Comprehensive analysis,2:1organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and 1.5:1 organic-inorganic compound fertilizer are suitable for use,the former is used at 115kg/667m~2,the latter is suitable for 95-110kg/667m~2,compared with local conventional fertilizer,the economic benefits increase by 21.90%,31.86%～33.34%,and the inorganic nitrogen substitution ratio is 20.1%,12.7%～20.5%,respectively.