Research And Development Of Automatic Knife Sharpening System For Silage Cutter

With the development of animal husbandry,feed researchers have gradually realized that the quality of chopped straw seriously affects the digestion and absorption of feed by livestock,and the quality of chopped feed is closely related to the sharpness of the silage cutter.Foreign research on the automatic sharpening system for choppers is relatively early and the technology is relatively mature,while the research on the automatic sharpening system for silage choppers in China is relatively backward.In order to promote the development of the automatic sharpening system for domestic silage choppers,Focus on the research on the automatic sharpening system,collect relevant documents of automatic knife sharpening system for silage machines at home and abroad,and get the research significance of automatic knife sharpening system for silage machines based on the differences between domestic and foreign.Summarize the structure and operating principle of the existing automatic sharpening system at home and abroad,and determine that the research on the automatic sharpening system of the silage machine should solve the problems of the selection of sharpening plan,automatic control,and optimization of the sharpening effect.To find innovative solutions to practical problems.design and develop an automatic sharpening system for domestic silage machines.The research content and conclusions of this article mainly include the following points:(1)The mechanical structure design of the automatic sharpening system of the silage machine.The structure of the automatic sharpening system is designed through data collection,current situation analysis,design calculation,and other methods.The mechanical structure of the knife sharpening system is divided into four parts: the box body,the knife sharpening door mechanism,the horizontal movement mechanism,and the feeding mechanism through the method of breaking up into parts.The structural parameters of each mechanism are calculated through the movement characteristics and design goals,and the key components of each movement mechanism are selected and checked.Draw engineering drawings of mechanical structures and make physical objects.(2)Electric control hydraulic design and selection of automatic knife sharpening system and control program writing.Make the wiring harness design drawing based on the structure and function of the silage machine.The measurement of the mechanical structure of the sharpening system shows that the maximum length of the hydraulic cylinder is 308 mm and the minimum length is 233 mm.The stroke S=75 mm can be calculated,which provides a basis for the design and selection of the hydraulic cylinder.The manual pull test and the reference to the data show that the minimum force to pull the whetstone is 200 N,and the speed range of the whetstone can be selected from 0.2 to 0.4 m/s,which provides a basis for the selection of hydraulic motors.According to the operation principle of the sharpening,the operation process of the sharpening is sorted out,and then the automatic sharpening control program is written through the operation of the sharpening process.(3)Bench and field test of automatic sharpening system.In order to verify the relationship between the opening of the proportional valve and the actual speed of the hydraulic motor,it was tested by the controlled variable method.The results showed that the relationship between the opening of the proportional valve and the actual speed of the hydraulic motor was positively correlated,and the coordinate trend was a rising curve with certain fluctuations.,Fluctuations are caused by errors.In order to study the influence of the guideway clearance of the horizontal movement mechanism of the knife sharpening system on the stability of the knife,the guideway clearance is tested by the controlled variable method.The results show that the knife sharpening effect is better and the operation is more stable when the clearance is 0.2 mm.Through consulting the information and investigation,it is found that the cutter wheel speed is 320～400 r/min when sharpening.In order to further determine the best speed range of the cutter wheel,the cutter wheel speed is tested by the control variable method,and 320 r/min is obtained by the intuitive observation method.Min and 400 r/min have the worst effect on the surface of the blade,which reduces the speed range of the cutter wheel to 340-380 r/min.In order to clarify the influence of the rotation speed of the cutter wheel,the grindstone reciprocating speed,and the feed rate on the grinding effect,the L9(34)orthogonal test data was analyzed by the method of range analysis and variance analysis,and the results showed that the best The sharpening parameter is 360 r/min,the grindstone reciprocating speed is 0.3 m/s,the feed is 0.0667 mm.The rotation speed of the cutter wheel has a significant influence on the sharpening index,and the feed rate has a certain influence on the sharpening index.