Studies On The Correlation Between Disease Resistance And Sex Of Chinese Wild Vitis Species

Grape is an important fruit tree crop spanning the Southern and Northern Hemisphere.It is widely used for fresh food,brewing,drying,juice making,etc.,creating obvious economic benefits.However,the main European grape varieties planted in grape production have poor disease resistance and often spray drug prevention and control of grape disease.Therefore,fundamentally solving the problem of grape disease is to conduct disease resistance and breeding.Using Chinese wild Vitis,European grape and some hybrid varieties,the identification of natural disease resistance in the field disease resistance,and the correlation of Chinese wild Vitis disease resistance and gender.The main results are as follows:1.Field natural identification of powdery mildew resistance in wild Vitis of China:A total of 228 samples from 13 wild Vitis varieties,60 lines,47 European grape varieties and121 inter-species hybrids were investigated by using the five-level classification method for the identification of natural disease resistance in the field during the peak period of disease onset,and the results were converted into susceptibility index to identify disease resistance.Different Vitis germplasm resources have different disease resistance to powdery mildew,and the disease index of 228 experimental materials is 0~87.4%,Among them,Baihe-35-1,Huaxian-47,83-4-94,Shangnan-24,Nanzheng-1 and Liuba-9,Shangnan-24,Nanzheng-1,Liuba-9 of compound leaf Vitis and the susceptibility index of European grape varieties red dense,early rose and black tide to powdery mildew were1.38%,0,1.39%,4.39%,1.37%,2.38%,2.74%,4.36%,These materials showed disease resistance to powdery mildew and were the original materials for disease resistance breeding.For example,Baihe-35-1 resistance between Baihe-35-1♀ and Baihe-35-2♂ was found,and the difference of disease resistance among wild Vitis strains in China was also related to sex.2.Field natural identification of wild Vitis anti-downy mildew in China :A total of 242 materials from 13 wild Vitis varieties,60 lines,68 European grape and 114 interspecific hybrids were identified by field natural disease resistance identification.The resistance of Vitis germplasm resources to downy mildew is different,even among strains,Disease index of 242 samples was 0~86.23%,Among them,Chinese wild Vitis Baihe-35-1,Nanzheng-1,Lueyang-4,Tang wei,Meixian-6,Anlin-2,Anlin-3 and European grape variety Ruibier,Gaoti have higher resistance to downy mildew,The susceptibility indices are:1.58%、0.43%、1.18%、2.42%、1.87%、3.71%、3.69%、0.91%、2.61%,These materials can be used as raw materials for the breeding of anti-downy mildew;The results showed that the resistance of Danfeng-2 to Phyllostachys pubescens was stronger than that of Ugni Blanc,Pinot Noir and French Blue.3.Screening of molecular markers for Vitis sex:The molecular marker WI1983 G,The male and female sex of Vitis in this study was identified.Using these primers,12 female strains of Chinese wild Vitis,11 male strains of Chinese wild Vitis,16 female and male strains of European grape,8 male and female strains of Chinese wild Vitis F1,8 male strains of Chinese wild Vitis F1,The male and female sex of Vitis in this study was identified.Using these primers,12 female strains of Chinese wild Vitis,11 male strains of Chinese wild Vitis,16 female and male strains of European Vitis,8 male and female strains of Chinese wild Vitis F1,8 male strains of Chinese wild Vitis F1,As a result,primer WI1983 G can not only effectively distinguish between female and male strains of Chinese wild Vitis,but also between female and male offspring in hybrid progenies of Chinese wild Vitis lines and European grape varieties.As a result,the primer WI1983 G is accompanied by the appearance of the female plant and the male plant does not appear,which can distinguish the molecular markers between the female plant and the male plant.To sum up,Chinese wild Vitis species and their strains show different disease resistance to powdery mildew disease and frost mildew,some anti-powdery mildew,some anti-frost mildew disease,and some strains fight both powdery mildew and frost mildew disease,They are: Baihe-35-1 and Baihe-13-1,Nanzheng-1,Tangwei,Luoyang-4 and Xuefeng-1,Danfeng-2.Therefore,these resistant species and their strains are important germplasm resources for disease resistance breeding in the future.Based on the molecular markers linked to cucumber female sex WI1983 G,the female plant fragment with 200 bp DNA band can be amplified by PCR using primers WI1983 G in the hybrid progeny of Chinese wild Vitis parents and the male plant progeny can be distinguished.