| With the development of facility agriculture,as a comprehensive technology,water and fertilizer integration technology plays an important role in saving water and fertilizer,and increasing yield and efficiency.In recent years,facility agriculture produces rapidly,while we are lack of the knowledge about the technology that affects the growth,yield and quality of crop,leading low efficiency,although we input lots of modern facilities.In order to meet the production goals of saving water,improving efficiency and deceasing emission,the study took tomato as the test object to learn the effects of fertilization amount and water lower limit on the growth,quality and yield,and water and fertilizer utilization efficiency.At the same time,we learnt the effects on soil physicochemical properties.These indications provide us a scientific guide for efficient utilization and management of water and fertilizer.The main research contents and results are as follows:（1）According to the experimental zone of agricultural production level,we used the regular rate of F1:1500kg/hm2 as basis,reducing processing respectively（reduced 15%F2:1275 kg/hm2 and reduced 30%F3:1050 kg/hm2）.Experimental results showed that,with the increasing fertilizer amount,the quality of tomato plant improved,the content of stem diameter,dry matter,and chlorophyll increased.Compared with F3,tomato net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,transpiration rate（Tr）were significantly better in group F1,F2.The datas of intercellular CO2（Ci）,stomatal conductance（Gs）were F1>F2>F3,while the datas of soluble sugar,VC and soluble solids content were F2>F1>F3.Meanwhile,tomato yield decease after rising significantly,F1,F2 the F3 average yield increased by 16.8%and 14.2%respectively.Water use efficiency（WUE）and fertilizers（PFP）also improved.（2）On the basis of tomato general order of water requirement,we set the upper limit of 90%moisture of field capacity,and water floor in two levels,respectively,75%and 65%moisture of field capacity,and tomato crop growth period could be divided into seedling stage,flowering stage the flushing and results,seedling stage-flowering fruit-bearing stage-the results of different water controlled lower limit,respectively:W1:65%-75%-75%θFC,W2:75%-65%-75%θFC,W3:75%-75%-65%θFC.Results showed that the lower moisture content limitation inhibited the growth of tomato plant height stem thickness,dry matter and chlorophyll synthesis quality.Compared with 75%θFC,these indications of 65%θFC was significantly lower.W1 processing tomato Pn,Tr were significantly lower than the W2,W3.The data of Gs of W2 was significant higher than W1 and W3.And the datas of Ci of W1 and W2 were obviously higher than the W3.Tomato production quality had the greatest influence in the period.In the group of W1F2,the tomato yield was 101.2 kg/hm2.Compared with W1F1,the data was similar.However,the datas significantly were higher than that of CK,soluble sugar,VC,soluble solids content contrast to W1F1 respectively,increased by 6.14%,9.49%,11.29%,and the PFP was at the highest level.（3）The effects of fertilization level and water were lower limit on soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed,the soil pH value in the fruiting period showed a gradual decrease with the increase of the fertilizer level,and the soil PH value was the lowest when the fertilization amount was reduced by 15%in the early growth stage;The effect of the lower water limit in the seedling stage was not significant,and the pH value increased with the increase of the lower water limit in the last two growth periods.The increase of fertilization amount inhibited the accumulation of soil EC value.The EC value increased with the increase of the lower water limit.The EC value of the F3W1 treatment was the highest,which was significantly different from other treatments.The soil organic matter content was the best under the Reduce fertilizer application by 15%level,and the increase of the lower water limit promoted its accumulation.The soil nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content gradually accumulates during crop growth and is at the highest level during the fruiting period,except for ammonium nitrogen,the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium and nitrate nitrogen all increased with the increase of fertilization level;The lower water limit inhibited the increase of total nitrogen content and promoted the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium.（4）The results of grey relational degree on the effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on tomato growth physiology,quality and yield,water and fertilizer use efficiency and soil environment showed that W1F2（Reducing the amount of fertilization by 15%,and the lower limit of water content in the Seedling stage-flowering and fruit-set stage-fruiting stage respectively is 65%θFC-75%θFC-75%θFC）treatment was closer to the ideal treatment,it could meet facility agriculture production goals.In summary,according to the growth of tomato under each treatment,combined with the yield,quality,water and fertilizer utilization efficiency,and the effect on the physical and chemical properties of the experimental soil,combined with the grey relational degree analysis of each index under different water and fertilizer treatments,reducing the amount of fertilization by 15%,and the lower limit of water content in the Seedling stage-flowering and fruit-set stage-fruiting stage respectively is 65%θFC-75%θFC-75%θFC,which was the suitable appropriate water and fertilizer management strategies for facility tomato agricultural production. |
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