Study On Current Situation And Countermeasures Of The Soil Testing And Fertilizer Recommendation In Yancheng

Soil testing and fertilizer recommendation has been expanded in China since 2005 to deal with the problems caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizers,such as low utilization rate,degradation of cultivated land,water eutrophication,ozone depletion and food security.Yancheng was one of the first pilot cities participating in soil testing and fertilizer recommendation scheme in China.Since 2007,this scheme had been well applied in Yangcheng.In 2016,around 86%of farmer land of Yancheng was using soil testing and fertilizer recommendation technology but the utilization rate of recommended fertilizer was around 20%.Strengthen the research and promotion of this technology and analyzing its existing problems and put forward suggestions are critical for reduction and increase efficiency of fertilizer and the improvement of cultivated land quality.This study aimed at examining the fertility status and change trend of the different soil types in Yancheng via soil testing,gathering parameters of the main crops and soil types through field experiments,and establishing the Fertilization Index System of the main crops.Based on the five-step promotion of "soil testing,recommendation,fertilizer matching,fertilizer supply and fertilization guidance",the problems were analyzed during the promotion process,and corresponding suggestions were further presented.The main results are as follows:1.The status and trend of soil nutrients in Yancheng was investigated based on soil sampling and testing in Yancheng from 2007 to 2017.Soil pH,organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were 7.55,21.97 g/kg,1.36 g/kg,18.5 mg/kg and 161 mg/kg,respectively.Compared with the results of the second investigation,Soil pH soil decreased by 0.38,while organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 8.26 g/kg,0.40 g/kg and 14.3 mg/kg,respectively.Available potassium remined stable.2.Soil microelement has been investigated in Yancheng.Available zinc,copper,iron,manganese,available boron and available molybdenum were 1.19 mg/kg,3.82 mg/kg,43.20 mg/kg,21.82 mg/kg,0.90 mg/kg and 0.25 mg/kg,respectively.According to the soil nutrient standard effective copper,effective iron,effective manganese and available molybdenum were higher,effective boron was medium,and effective zinc was lower.3.Technical parameters and index system have been established for soil testing and fertilizer recommendation scheme in Yangcheng.These works were based on wheat,rice,corn,rape,vegetables and other major crops through typical plots with different soil types and different fertility levels,the basic soil fertility test without nitrogen and the amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer test.4.Promotion area of the soil testing and fertilizer recommendation was expanding to 93.6%of the total crop area of Yancheng in 2017.Among the promotion area,the coverage rate of this scheme reached to 92.1%.of rice,wheat,corn,rape,vegetables and other major crops.The transformation of fertilization structure was obvious.While the total amount of fertilizer application was reduced,the amount of potassium fertilizer was supplemented.Over 95%of farmers satisfied with soil testing formula fertilization technology.5.In Yancheng City,the popularization of soil testing and fertilizer recommendation was still limited by several problems including the lack of professional staff,the bottleneck of technology coverage,the difficulty of application and promotion of organic fertilizer,and low-tech in fertilization methods.This works provided several suggestions:(1)strengthen the construction of professional and technical team and improve the service ability at the basic level;(2)change the service priorities and improve the technology influence;(3)increase government subsidies and improve the technology landing rate;(4)change the fertilization approaches and improve the fertilizer utilization rate.