Influence Of Altitude And Longitude On The Summer Bird Community Structure In The True Steppe Of Chifeng City,inner Mongolia

It plays an important role in combining conservation in the grassland ecosystem to birds.The reduction of grassland area leads to the reduction of many grassland animal species,especially grassland birds.Although studies on the impact of grassland ecosystems on bird community structure are related to future ecological protection,there are still few studies to systematically quantify these influencing factors.The Chifeng city we surveyed,located in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,has flourish grassland resources.To a certain extent,it can provide a basic quantitative research on changes in the structure of bird communities.This experiment used a combination of sample line method and sample point method from April to June 2019 to investigate the summer breeding birds in the main grassland areas of Chifeng City,Inner Mongolia,and to study the relationship between the gradient changes of altitude and longitude to the bird diversity.A total of 94 species of birds was recorded in this survey,which belongs to 15 orders and 36 families.Among them,there are 65 species of summer migratory birds,22 species of resident birds,and 7 species of migratory birds: 4 species of national first-class protected birds and 6national second-class protected birds.Within an altitude of 400m-1,200 m,the number of bird species fluctuates between 30±7 species,and there are 8 species at altitudes above 1 201m;with the increase in altitude,the number of individuals presents a "bimodal trend",and the Simpson diversity index and Shannon-wiener diversity index,Pielou evenness index,and the richness index show a downward trend as a whole(except for altitude 1,001m-1,200m);Spearman correlation analysis bird species and number are not correlated with altitude,Simpson diversity index,Shannon-wiener diversity index,Pielou evenness index and the richness index are not related to altitude.As longitude goes from the west to east,the number of bird species as a whole shows an upward trend and then a downward trend,reaching a peak at 118° longitude.The trends of Simpson diversity index,Shannon-wiener diversity index,Pielou evenness index and richness index are the same.Through the analysis of longitude(116°-117°)and(118°-120°),the index decreases with longitude from west to east.Spearman correlation analysis bird species and number are not correlated in longitude changes.Simpson diversity index,Shannon-wiener diversity index,Pielou evenness index and richness index are not related to longitude.The data analysis of altitude gradient and longitude change in this survey is based in line with the ecological principle of while the higher diversity with the lower dominance;among all the surveyed locations,the places with the highest bird similarity index are Keshiketengqi and Bahrain Right,which the sites with the lowest bird similarity index are Keshiketengqi and Linxi.Notwithstanding,the birds with the largest number of individuals in the two places are inconsistent.This study set out to analyze the grassland bird community structure in Chifeng City,Inner Mongolia,which is not significantly correlated with changes in altitude and longitude gradients.This paper can also provide more targeted research for barren areas with little resources in Inner Mongolia.Research in different regions can obtain pinpoint information to ensure that the results of biodiversity research are serviceably-relevant for other areas,which can provide effective information for conservation workers to plan and protect threatened birds.