Effects Of Lactobacillus Rhamnose And Lactobacillus Plantarum On The Anti-oxidation And Immune Function Of Weaned Piglets

Lactic acid bacteria can improve the immunity of piglets,and relieve weaning stress-related immune disorders such as intestinal infections and inflammation.This study aims to evaluate the ability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC53103 and Lactobacillus plantarum JL01 as potential probiotics to stimulate immune response and improve intestinal health during the critical period of piglet weaning.In this experiment,the intestinal mucosal microorganisms and metabolites,related immune indicators,and antioxidant indicators were detected by adding Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC53103 and Lactobacillus plantarum JL01 to the diet of weaned piglets.To explore the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC53103 and Lactobacillus plantarum JL01 on the antioxidant capacity and immune function of weaned piglets.The experiment selected 4828-day-old weaned piglets and randomly divided into 4 groups.The control group is fed with a basic diet;Lactobacillus plantarum JL01(Lac)and Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC53103(Rha)were fed with 10 m L of bacterial solution based on the basal diet;the mixed bacteria group(Mix)is fed with 5 m L of Lactobacillus plantarum JL01 and 5 m L of Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC53103 based on a basic diet.The pre-feeding period was 7 days and the formal trial period was 28 days.The results show:1.In serum,liver and spleen,the total antioxidant capacity and antioxidant enzyme activity of Lac and Mix groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in serum and spleen decreased significantly(P<0.05).2.In the Lac group,Rha group and Mix group,the liver,spleen,and kidney immune organ indexes of weaned piglets were significantly improved(P<0.05),and the effect of mixed bacteria was the best.In the ileum mucosa of weaned piglets,the content of s Ig A in the Rha group and the Lac group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the content of s Ig A in the Mix group was significantly increased in jejunum,ileum and cecum mucosa(P<0.05),and mixed bacteria group weaned piglets had the highest s Ig A content.The serum Ig G and Ig A levels of weaned piglets in the Rha group,Lac group and Mix group increased significantly(P<0.05).3.The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-1β,IL-1 and IL-6)and the expression levels of IFN-γ and IL-1β genes in the Rha group,Lac group and Mix group were all decreased compared to Con group;the content of anti-inflammatory cytokines(IL-10 and TGF-β1)and gene expression was higher than Con group.Among them,the improvement effect of the Mix group was higher than that of Rha and Lac groups.4.The Rha group,Lac group and Mix group improved the microbial composition of the small intestine and cecum mucosa of weaned piglets.In the Mix group,the relative abundances of Lactobacillus in jejunum,ileum and cecum mucosa,Faecalibacterium and Ruminococcaceae＿UCG-005 in ileum mucosa,Streptococcus and Enterococcus in cecum mucosa,Prevotella＿9 and Anaerovibrio in ileum and cecum mucosa from piglets increased significantly(P<0.05).In contrast,the relative abundances of Ruminococcus＿1 and Ruminococcaceae＿UCG-005 in cecum from piglets from the Mix groups were significantly reduced(P<0.05);in the Lac group,the relative abundances of Lactobacillus in jejunum and cecum,and Streptococcus,Enterococcus and Anaerovibrio in cecum were significantly increased(P<0.05),whereas the relative abundance of cecum Ruminococcus＿1 was significantly reduced(P<0.05);in the Rha group,the relative abundances of Streptococcus and Enterococcus in cecum,and Faecalibacterium in ileum were significantly increased(P<0.05),contrary to the relative abundance of cecum Ruminococcus＿1,which was significantly reduced(P<0.05).5.The differential microorganisms(Prevotella＿9,Lactobacillus,Streptococcus,Faecalibacterium,Ruminococcaceae＿UCG-005,Ruminococcus＿1,Enterococcus and Anaerovibrio)obtained by feeding mixed bacteria(Mix)have functional genes encoding metabolite synthesis(tryptophan synthetase,hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase,choloylglycine hydrolase,acyl-Co A synthetase and succinate dehydrogenase),Promote the synthesis of differentiated metabolites(tryptophan,DHA,TCDA,palmitic acid,succinic acid,butanoic acid and propanoic acid)in the ileum and cecum of weaned piglets.Tryptophan may activate aromatic hydrocarbon receptors,DHA,TCDA,and palmitic acid may inhibit TLR signaling pathways and activate monocytes,succinic acid may activate dendritic cells,acetic acid and propionic acid may activate macrophages and monocytes by inhibiting HDACs,they jointly regulate immune cytokines and enhance the body’s immune response,thereby reducing the body’s inflammatory response and improving the immunity of weaned piglets.In summary,feeding Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC53103 and Lactobacillus plantarum JL01 can increase the antioxidant capacity of weaned piglets,improve the diversity of intestinal mucosa,and produce differentiated microorganisms and have corresponding functional genes.The five differentiated metabolites produced in the ileum and cecum can stimulate immune cells to regulate the secretion of immune cytokines and immunoglobulins,thereby improving the immune function of weaned piglets,alleviating the stress caused by weaning,and keeping the host in a healthy state.The Mix group has the best effect.