Research On Agricultural Internet Of Things System Based On Edge Computing

In January 2020,the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs proposed the "Digital Agriculture and Rural Development Plan" to promote the development of agricultural digitalization and the upgrading of the agricultural Internet of Things.As the main application scenario of the agricultural Internet of Things,facility agriculture plays an important role in ensuring the fresh supply of vegetables in my country.When the agricultural greenhouse performs large-scale and refined management operations,the system realizes the intelligent control function through the remote server.A large amount of environmental data information needs to be analyzed and processed.Problems such as increased pressure on the remote server and data transmission delay will occur,and the transmission of a large amount of data will Incurs a lot of bandwidth costs,so it cannot meet the development goals of precise control and efficient use of resources in precision agriculture.Edge computing,with its characteristics of being close to the data source for data processing and analysis,optimizes the control delay problem in the engineering system,and has a wide range of application prospects.It will drive the transformation of various industries in China and further promote the development of precision agriculture.First,a Raspberry Pi gateway based on a lightweight edge computing framework is designed.By deploying an open source framework for edge computing,Lo Ra WAN module is connected to the device service layer to interact with greenhouse monitoring data and supports the rule engine in the service layer to be responsible for The analysis and processing of the data collected and uploaded at the bottom layer and the control commands issued are quickly executed.At the same time,the relatively complex algorithm function is realized by calling the algorithm application interface.The distribution microservice in the export service layer is used to complete the directional forwarding and transmission of data.The gateway node design reduces Difficulty in the development of greenhouse related control functions.Secondly,a fuzzy control algorithm based on the sparrow search algorithm is proposed to optimize the dynamic parameters of the quantization factor and scale factor in the fuzzy control process.The MATLAB simulation experiment shows that the algorithm has better control response time and stability than the traditional fuzzy control.The state overshoot has a large performance improvement,and it has strong application value in the precision control of greenhouses.Finally,a monitoring and control system based on edge computing combined with the proposed optimization algorithm is used to test the adjustment of greenhouse environmental parameters.The results show that the designed system can monitor greenhouse-related data well,and the control algorithm used can control the soil moisture in the fruit and vegetable greenhouse.The error with the set target value is maintained at about 3.6%,which proves that the system is stable and reliable and can meet the needs of precision agriculture.At the same time,this paper conducts a delay comparison test on the edge computing nodes in the system.Among them,the delay of the edge computing gateway to complete the computing task is close to that of the local server and much lower than that of the cloud server.Therefore,this paper studies the agricultural greenhouse control system based on edge computing,while meeting the requirements of system lightweight and high cost performance,it is suitable for the large-scale and refined development trend of fruit and vegetable greenhouse operations.