Effects Of Different Mulching Conditions On Maize Growth And Energy Distribution

Combined with the advantages of mulching and drip irrigation,the limited water in the soil can be recycled between the soil and mulching materials and the evaporation between trees of maize can be reduced.Mulching drip irrigation technology has been widely promoted and applied for its advantages of increasing temperature and retaining soil moisture,reducing ineffective evaporation,improving soil hydrothermal conditions,and improving net photosynthetic capacity.This study based on 2019-2020 in Beijing’s district corn in the field of the test has been conducted in the past two years,the measurement of soil moisture,soil temperature and physiological indexes between canopy temperature and humidity,maize corn and corn leaf photosynthetic characteristic parameters,the different between the coverage of field microclimate,corn physiological indexes and photosynthetic characteristics and water consumption in the field are compared,and the system for our country covers drip irrigation in north China provide theoretical basis for water-saving mechanism research of corn.The main research results are as follows:1.Influence of mulching drip irrigation mode on field microenvironment(1)cover material mainly affect the surface of the soil moisture content,the research showed that straw mulching,black film and white film processing to keep the effects of soil moisture,relative to cover processing,reproductive period 0～40 cm soil moisture content increases,the largest thus covering materials mainly affected the surface soil moisture content,two years of experimental research show that white membrane water effect is most obvious.(2)In the growth period,white film and black film mulching increased the soil temperature in the shallow layer,which had the effect of thermal insulation,while straw reduced the soil temperature in the shallow layer.Under the typical sunny and cloudy days,the difference of soil temperature in the shallow layer decreases and the soil temperature fluctuates in a small range,which provides a good growth environment for corn.(3)The results showed that the mulching treatment could reduce the temperature of corn canopy,and compared with no mulching treatment,the mulching treatment could significantly reduce the maximum daily temperature difference in the corn canopy during the daytime(8-17 hours).Film mulching increased the humidity at the corn canopy,so film mulching significantly reduced the VPD at the canopy.2.Effects of mulching drip irrigation on photosynthetic physiological parameters of maize(1)Mulching treatment increased the crop A_n value compared with that of the previous year,so that maize leaves maintained a higher net photosynthetic efficiency.Meanwhile,mulching material increased the g_s and transpiration rate of leaves to some extent,which was conducive to better photosynthesis of leaves.(2)The photosynthetic capacity and soil water content were different under different mulching treatments.The higher soil water content could improve the photosynthetic capacity of leaves.Under different coverage treatments.VPD was lower and g_s was higher.The larger g_s was between different treatments,the larger the corresponding Tr was.The larger g_s is between different treatments,the larger the corresponding A_n will be.3.Effects of mulching drip irrigation mode on maize growth and yield(1)Plant height,stem diameter,leaf area index(LAI)and dry matter weight under mulching treatment were better than those under no mulching treatment during the growth period of maize from 2019 to 2020.Among them the biological traits(plant height,stem diameter,leaf area,dry matter,etc.)under white film mulching were significantly higher than those under no mulching(p<0.05).(2)In terms of water consumption,compared with other treatments,white film treatment in the 2019 experiment reduced the water consumption of corn,while black film treatment in the 2020 experiment had better water retention effect.(3)The maize yield and water use efficiency of white film and black film were better than that of no mulching treatment,but straw mulching caused a certain decrease in maize yield.