Effects Of Aerated Irrigation On Figs Growth And Soil Phosphorus Absorption And Transformation In Southern Xinjiang

In this study,5-year-old fig ’Blenrik’ was used as the experimental material,underground hole storage device was used to aerate the rhizosphere soil to study the effects of aerated irrigation on the growth and development of fig,fruit quality and yield,and the effect of aerated irrigation on rhizosphere soil environment,so as to provide theoretical basis for the application of aerated irrigation in protected fig.The underground hole storage irrigation device was used to inject gas,and there were four treatments of applying phosphate fertilizer(OP),no phosphate fertilizer(OF),no gas injection phosphate fertilizer(NP),no gas injection and no phosphate fertilizer(NF)by applying phosphate fertilizer and no phosphate fertilizer.The plant growth index,fruit quality and yield,soil physical and chemical properties,enzyme activity and phosphorus in fig plant were measured.Principal component analysis(PCA)was used to evaluate the fruit quality and rhizosphere soil fertility of figs under different treatments.The results are as follows:1.Applying the underground hole storage irrigation device to aerate the rhizosphere of figs can promote the growth of new shoots of figs,increase the internode length and thickness of FIG plants,and promote the increase of leaf area and petiole growth.At fruit hanging stage,fruit expanding stage and fruit maturing stage,aerated irrigation significantly increased leaf chlorophyll content by 3.35%,4.31% and1.61%(P<0.05),respectively.It also showed that the combination of aerated irrigation and P fertilizer had the best effect on the growth of FIG plants.2.The horizontal diameter,vertical diameter and fruit size of the FIG fruit can be increased under the ventilation environment of the underground cave storage irrigation device.Compared with NF treatment,single fruit weight and dry matter content were increased by 11.84% and 14.84%,respectively.Aerated irrigation could increase the content of soluble solids,soluble sugar and Vc in FIG fruit.The titratable acid content OF OF treatment was 34.65% lower than that OF NF treatment(P<0.05),and the fruit hardness was also decreased by aeration irrigation.Fruit yield per plant in OF treatment was significantly increased by 21.32% compared with NF treatment(P<0.05).The fruit quality OF all treatments was ranked OP>OF>NP>NF according to the comprehensive evaluation OF principal component analysis.The combination of aerated irrigation and phosphate fertilizer is practical,and the fruit quality is the best.3.Aerated irrigation can adjust the soil p H value of each soil layer,reduce the soil moisture content of each soil layer,and improve the soil water use efficiency.By increasing the activities of soil urease,catalase and phosphoacid enzyme,and increasing the contents of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in soil,aerated irrigation improved the rhizosphere soil environment of figs and improved soil fertility.The combination of aerated irrigation and phosphate fertilizer in facility figs could improve soil fertility more obviously.Based on the comprehensive evaluation OF rhizosphere soil nutrient status by principal component analysis,it was concluded that OP and OF treatments had better ability to regulate rhizosphere nutrient than NP and NF treatments.4.The underground hole irrigation device can significantly increase the activity of soil acid phosphatase and the content of soil available P by injecting gas into the rhizosphere soil of figs,and promote the conversion of soil total P into available P that can be easily absorbed and utilized by plant roots.Aerated irrigation also increased the absorption and accumulation of phosphorus in bud,leaf,new shoot,new branch,fine root and coarse root,decreased the content of soil total phosphorus,and increased the activation coefficient of soil phosphorus.Among the four treatments,the combination of aerated irrigation and P fertilizer had the strongest phosphoacidic enzyme activity in soil,the highest content of available P,the highest amount of P absorption and accumulation in plant parts,and the best effect on soil environmental P improvement.