| The genetic improvement of meat production is one of the most important research directions of pig breeding.There are significant differences in characteristics of meat production efficiency and meat quality between Chinese and European commercial pig breeds,the excellent germplasm resources of Chinese pig breeds have unique advantages in meat quality.However,its exploitation and utilization in modern breeding are still relatively scarce.In this study,the body size,carcass slaughtering,organ weight and organ coefficient of European pig breeds(Yorkshire pig,Landrace pig)and Chinese pig breeds(Meishan pig,Wuzhishan pig,Tibetan wild boar and Songliao black pig)were comparatively analyzed.At the same time,six pig breeds(180-day-old)were collected,and their skeletal muscle proteome maps were drawn by using Label-free quantitative proteomics technology.The different proteins of Chinese and European pig breeds were identified in order to analyze the meat production characteristics of Chinese and European pig breeds from the protein level,speed up the excavation and utilization of superior germplasm resources of Chinese pig breeds.The results show that:1.In terms of body size traits,the length of European pig breeds(Yorkshire pig,Landrace pig)are significantly different from those of Chinese pig breeds(Meishan pig,Wuzhishan pig,Tibetan wild boar and Songliao black pig);and there are no significant differences in body height,chest width,hip width,tube circumference,bust and leg hip circumference between the European pig breeds and the Songliao black pigs.2.In terms of slaughtering traits,the carcass slant length and pre-slaughter weight of European pig breeds are significantly different from Chinese pig breeds.3.In terms of organ characteristics,the heart,liver,spleen and kidney weights of European pig breeds are significantly different from those of Chinese pig breeds.4.A total of 1519 proteins are identified in skeletal muscle of Chinese and European pig breeds.Hierarchical clustering analysis of samples show that there are significant differences in protein abundant patterns between skeletal muscles of Chinese and European pigs.Specially,54 proteins are different abundant in Chinese and European pig breeds,among which 33 proteins are up-regulated and 21 proteins are down-regulated.GO analysis show that differentially abundant proteins are enriched in the terms of oxidation activity,catalytic activity and protein kinase binding.KEGG analysis show that differentially abundant protein enriched in purine metabolism,amino acid degradation,oxidative phosphorylation and thermogenesis signaling pathways.Oxidative phosphorylation,pyruvate metabolism,citrate cycle signaling pathways are upregulated,while c GMP PKG,insulin secretion,Wnt and oxytocin signaling pathway are down-regulated in Chinese pig breeds by using GSEA.We perform the characteristics analysis of meat production traits and skeletal muscle proteome in Chinese and European Pigs.The characteristics of meat production related traits,as well as muscle proteome,are obtained.Specially,the results indicate differences of protein synthesis and energy metabolism between Chinese and European pig breeds from the protein level,which could potentially contribute meat production and meat quality traits.This study provides candidate genes and new ideas for the molecular design and breeding of meat quality traits,and provides a reference for the use of characteristic genetic resources of Chinese pig breeds in modern breeding production. |
