Comparative Analysis Of Translatome And Transcriptome Of The Longest Dorsi Muscle Tissue Of Luchuan Pig And Duroc Pigs

Luchuan pig,as a local pig breed in Guangxi,has the advantages of strong stress resistance,good maternal quality,high intramuscular fat content,but low lean meat rate and slow growth.Duroc pig introduced from abroad has the advantages of high lean rate and fast growth,but low intramuscular fat content.The market needs ideal pork products with high lean meat rate and moderate intramuscular fat content,and meat quality improvement is particularly important.There are many reports on the reasons of meat quality differences among different pig breeds,but there are no reports on gene translation level.In this study,transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq)and translational sequencing(RNC-seq)were used to sequence the longissimus dorsi muscle of two pig breeds,and the differences of gene expression were analyzed.From the perspective of translation regulation,the differences of genes related to lipid metabolism and muscle growth and translation initiation efficiency of two pig breeds were analyzed.The results showed that(1)translation regulation was independent of transcriptional regulation and had a certain callback effect on transcriptional regulation.(2)Many genes related to lipid metabolism and muscle differentiation were not significantly different at the transcription level,but significantly different at the translation level.The genes involved in fatty acid synthesis,such as FASN,ACACA,ELOVL5,were highly expressed in Luchuan pig translation group,and the genes related to cell proliferation,such as EGF,ATG12,SKP2,were highly expressed in Duroc pig translation group The results of qPCR and Western blotting of ELOVL5 were consistent,which confirmed the reliability of the sequencing results.(3)The efficiency of translation initiation in Luchuan pigs was significantly higher than that in Duroc pigs(P<0.05),and the expression of e IF4A1 in Luchuan pigs was significantly higher than that in Duroc pigs(FC>2,P<0.05).There was a significant negative correlation between the fold free energy and the fold change of the genes with significant difference TR(translation ratio)(P<0.05),and a significant positive correlation between the 5’UTR length and the fold change of the genes with significant difference TR(P<0.05).The 5’UTR of the up-regulated gene had higher C-base content than that of the down regulated gene,and the up-regulated gene of RNC mRNA had rich C and G common motifs,while the down regulated gene had rich a and t common motifs,which was consistent with the selectivity of eif4a1.(4)There was a significant negative correlation between the efficiency of gene translation initiation and the length of encoded protein(P < 0.05).At the same time,there was a quadratic convex curve relationship between the efficiency of gene translation initiation and the length of protein,that is,the protein length was moderate(log length = about 3).In conclusion,through bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification,it is found that the translation regulation of genes related to fatty acid metabolism and cell proliferation leads to the phenotypic differences between Luchuan pig and Duroc pig,which provides a new explanation for the phenotypic differences between the two pig breeds.At the same time,it is speculated that eif4a1 is the cause of gene translation differences between the two pig breeds,and The relationship between gene translation initiation efficiency and protein length was found.