| Egg translucent is a difficult problem that modern laying industry needs to solve.Egg translucent not only affect the appearance of eggs,but also more easily invade Salmonella,E.coli and other pathogenic bacteria.In order to reduce egg translucent and improve egg safety,the metabolomics of egg translucent and the effect concentration of Lactobacillus salivarius SNK-6 on reducing egg translucent were investigated in this study.This study is divided into two parts:1、Metabonomics study of egg components affecting egg translucent.Using Xinyang Black Feather layers,HY-LINE VARIETY BROWN,Xinyang green shell layer,Jinghong No.1 layer and Guifei layer as materials,the differences of metabolic components between translucent and non-translucent eggs under the same feeding conditions were detected,and the non-targeted metabolomics of egg white,egg membrane and egg shell of translucent and non-translucent eggs were studied.Results show: a total of 26,582 metabolites were detected by metabonomics,among which 1,757 metabolites were significantly different between 5 varieties with egg translucent and egg non-translucent(P<0.05).A total of 12,213 metabolites were detected in egg white by metabonomics method,among which 991 metabolites,including L-Norleucine、Glutathione disulfide and so on,were significantly different between egg white of egg translucent and egg non-translucent,accounting for 8.1% of the total metabolites,152 metabolites were up-regulated and 22 metabolites were down-regulated.A total of 3,357 metabolites were detected in egg membrane,and 194 metabolites with significant difference were Benzoic acid sulfate、Oxypurinol and so on,accounting for 5.8% of the total metabolites,37 metabolites were up-regulated and 38 metabolites were down-regulated.A total of 1,1012 metabolites were detected in eggshells,of which 572 were significantly different were Methanesulfonic acid 、2-Furoylglycine and so on,accounting for 5.2% of the total metabolites,80 were up-regulated and 83 were down-regulated.2 、 Effect concentration of Lactobacillus salivarius SNK-6 on reducing egg translucent in laying hens.In this study,Xinyang Black Layer Package were fed 5 times and increase in equal differential doses of Lactobacillus salivary SNK-6,respectively,to determine the egg translucent 、 Production performance and quality of eggs.A five-times dose difference feeding experiment was conducted at late laying stage.Seven feeding levels were designed,which were basal diet control(level 1)、1.0×106 CFU/hen(level 2)、5.0×106 CFU/ hen(level 3)、2.5×107 CFU/ hen(level 4)、1.25×108 CFU/ hen(level 5)、6.25×108 CFU/ hen(level 6)and 3.125×109 CFU/ hen(level 7),respectively.After feeding experiment,ileum and cecum contents were collected for metagenomic sequencing.The increase in equal differential doses of feeding experiment was designed on the basis of the five times dose of feeding experiment in another batch of laying hens at the peak of laying period,which were basal diet control(level 1)、1.0×107 CFU/hen(level 2)、2.0×107 CFU/ hen(level 3)、3.0×107 CFU/ hen(level 4)、4.0×107 CFU/hen(level 5)、5.0×107 CFU/hen(level 6),respectively.Results show: the feeding experiment showed that the suitable feeding concentration of Lactobacillus salivary SNK-6 was 2.5×107 CFU/hen in 5 times different doses of Lactobacillus salivary SNK-6.In the fourth week after feeding Lactobacillus salivarius SNK-6,the egg translucent rate of Lactobacillus salivarius SNK-6 group of 2.5×107 CFU/hen decreased to 0,and the laying rate of Lactobacillus salivarius SNK-6 group increased by 18.6% compared with the control group.Metagenomic studies showed that 2.5×107 CFU/hen can increase the number of new microorganism species in layer.New microorganism species in ileum was 45.9% of the control group,and in cecum was 9.1% of the control group.2.5×107 CFU/hen Lactobacillus salivarius SNK-6 reduced the number of Escherichia coli in ileum by 28.1%,and Campylobacter jejunum by 23.8%.The intestinal contents of Lactobacillus salivarius SNK-6 fed with 2.5×107 CFU/hen had more gene function,the intestinal species of Egg NOG annotation was 122.5%,the functional information content of CAZy annotation protein was 139.0%,the metabolic process of KEGG annotation was 124.7%,and the human disease was 81.6% of the control group.The feeding experiment showed that the suitable feeding concentration of Lactobacillus salivary SNK-6 was 2.0×107 ~5.0×107 CFU/ hen in increase in equal differential doses of Lactobacillus salivary SNK-6.Feeding Lactobacillus salivarius SNK-6 with 3.0×107 CFU /hen 、 4.0×107 CFU /hen 、 5.0×107 CFU /hen could significantly reduce egg translucent,and 4.0×107 CFU /hen reduced egg translucent with the highest efficiency.At the 9th week of feeding,the egg translucent rate of 4.0×107CFU/ hen Lactobacillus salivarius SNK-6 group was 35.72% lower than that of the control group.Feeding 5.0×107 CFU/ hen Lactobacillus salivarius SNK-6 had the highest efficiency in increasing laying rate and decreasing breaking rate,At 6 weeks after feeding(hot weather),the laying rate of 4.0×107 CFU/hen Lactobacillus salivarius SNK-6 group was 5.0% higher than that of the control group,in the second month after feeding(high temperature weather,hot hen house),the egg breaking rate of 4.0×107CFU/ hen Lactobacillus salivarius SNK-6 group was 3.9% lower than that of control group.5.0×107 CFU/hen Lactobacillus salivarius SNK-6 could improve the eggshell strength in hot weather,which was 20.5% higher than that in the control group. |
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