| This paper mainly studied the effects of different dietary concentrate/forage ratio on sheep production performance,femoral fat tissue cell proliferation and hypertrophies,and transcriptional profile of femoral adipose tissue.Fifteen healthy Dupo rams(three-monthold)were included,the initial average weight were 25.35±2.75 kg.The Rams were randomly distributed into 3 groups(5 animals per group),feeding the following concentrate/forage ratio diet: 30:70(C30),50:50(C50),and 70:30(C70).The adapting trail lasted 15 days then followed the official trail lasted 60 days.The feed intakes were recorded every day and the body weights were recorded every thirty days.After animal was slaughtered the femoral adipose tissue was collected.The adipose were transcriptional sequenced and the related real-time PCR and ELISA were carried out.We also determined the DNA and protein concentrate of femoral fat tissue.The results showed that:(1)The body weight and average daily gain of C50,C70 group were significantly(P<0.05)higher than C30 group.The feed intake of C50 group was significantly(P<0.05)higher than the other two groups(P<0.05).The feed/meat ratio of C50 and C70 groups were significantly lower than C30 groups(P<0.05).The DNA concentration of femoral fat in C50 and C70 groups were lower compared with C30 group.This indicated the fewer number of cells per gram tissue and the larger size of the cell.The protein/DNA ratio of C50 was higher(P<0.05)than the other two groups indicated the hypertrophy of cell may be caused by protein deposition.The hypertrophy of C70 group might be caused by fat accumulation.(2)After transcriptome detection,genes expression fold change more than 10% was used for KEGG signaling pathway analysis.These genes(>10%)were enriched in 38 firstlevel pathways.Significant changes were found in the signaling pathways of carbohydrate metabolism,amino acid metabolism,lipid metabolism,endocrine and metabolic diseases,immune system diseases and signal transduction pathways.Real-time quantitative PCR experiment results showed that haptoglobin,stearoyl-Co A desaturase,chemoattractant cytokines 9,fatty acid synthetase,thyroid hormone responsive,insulin induced gene 1,acylCo A synthetase 3 and calpain 6 had same changing pattern as transcriptome results.ELISA experiments determined the protein concentrations of haptoglobin and serum amyloid A in adipose tissue.It was found that haptoglobin content was significantly increased with the increase of concentrate feed level(P <0.05).The content of serum amyloid A in C50 and C70 groups was significantly higher than that in C30 group(P <0.05).This also verify the transcriptome results.In conclusion,C50 group showed the best production performance among three groups.Transcriptome results showed that C50/C30 compared with C70/C30 had more increased gene expression profile and enriched in more abundant signal pathway.These founding compensated the understanding of the metabolism in sheep femoral adipose and the mechanism of related metabolic diseases under high concentrate diet. |
