Effects Of Broad Drilling On Lodging Resistance、 Photosynthetic Characteristics And Yield And Quality Of Oat

In view of the current traditional sowing method of oat,the concentration of seeds and the competition for water and fertilizer between plants after the emergence of oat affect ontogeny and prone to lodging.This experiment was carried out in Wulanchaab Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Research Institute from 2019 to 2020.With Mengnong Dayan 1 as the experimental material,two sowing methods,wide drill（K）and conventional drill（C）,were set,and three sowing densities were 3 million plants hm^-2（D1）,4.5 million plants hm^-2（D2）and 6 million plants hm^-2（D3）.The effects of sowing method and sowing density on lodging resistance,photosynthetic characteristics,grain yield and quality of oat were studied in this thesis,which provided theoretical basis and technical support for improving lodging resistance,yield and quality of oat.The main results are as follows:1.Broad-field drilling significantly increased the stem diameter of oat by8.3%～28.1%.The dry matter accumulation per plant of oat was significantly increased by 4.9%～56.2%compared with conventional drill treatment.The number of ears and heading rate of oat increased significantly,and the heading rate increased by0.5%～8.7%.Under conventional drill,the maximum heading rate was D2,and under wide drill,D3.2.Lodging resistance of oats was significantly improved by wide drilling compared with conventional drilling.Wide-width drill decreased the internode length and barycenter height of oat stem,and increased the mechanical strength and lodging resistance index of oat stem.Lodging resistance index increased by 12.7%-56.5%,reaching significant level.The height of the center of gravity decreased by 5.0%～9.2%;Wide-width drill increased stem cellulose content by 5.7%～16.3%.3.Wide field drilling can effectively improve the photosynthetic parameters of oat.The net photosynthetic rate of wide drill increased by 7.2%～24.8%compared with conventional drill,and the largest increase was under D3 treatment,which reached a significant level.SPAD value increased by 2.2%～11.5%and reached a significant level after D3 treatment.4.Wide-field drill had significant effect on oat yield and its components.Wide-field drill significantly increased the oat yield by increasing the number of panicles per unit area,with an average increase of 8.6%～14.5%in two years.D3 treatment had the highest yield and the largest increase.The contents of crude fat,crude protein and starch in oat grains were increased by wide drilling,but not to significant level.5.With the increase of sowing density,plant height of oat increased,stem diameter,dry matter accumulation per plant,photosynthetic parameters of flag leaf,SPAD value decreased,and total stem number increased.The contents of cellulose,lignin and hemicellulose in stem also decreased with the increase of stem internode,and the mechanical strength and lodging resistance index decreased,but the decrease of wide drill was less than that of conventional drill.The contents of crude protein,crude fiber and starch in grains decreased,but the yield increased.The yield of 6 million plants·hm^-2 in wide drill treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments.In conclusion,wide drilling and increasing sowing density to 6 million plants·hm-2 can improve lodging resistance,photosynthetic capacity,yield and quality of oat.