Study On The Biological Characteristics Of Cultivated Pueraria Thomsonii Benth In Jiangxi Province

Objective:Jiangxi is one of the big provinces in the planting of Pueraria thomsonii Benth.Currently,the varieties of Pueraria thomsonii Benth include “Gan ge yi hao”,“Gan ge er hao”,“Xiao hua ye ge” and “Da hua ye ge”,etc.Among them,“Gan ge yi hao” is the most widely promoted,and it is planted in Hubei,Shanxi,Henan,Guangdongand other places.In this study,the correlations between agronomic traits and biomass and isoflavone compositions of medicinal parts,the distribution of isoflavones and heavy metals in peri-pericarp and non-pericarp tissues of medicinal parts and the enrichment capacity of heavy metals of Pueraria thomsonii Benth in Jiangxi.At the same time,the micromorphology and the accumulation of isoflavones in different organs of different varieties of Pueraria thomsonii Benth produced Jiangxi were studied.It will lay the foundation and provide reference for the cultivation,processing,variety differentiation and promotion of Jiangxi-produced Pueraria thomsonii Benth.Methods and Results:(1)Using 22 individual plant samples of “Gan ge er hao” cultivated in a homogeneous garden as materials,14 agronomic traits were measured by agronomic traits measurement method,total isoflavone content in different parts was determined by UV,and isoflavone content in medicinal parts was determined by HPLC.Perform descriptive statistical analysis,correlation analysis,multiple linear regression analysis and path analysis.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of isoflavones in medicinal parts(over 30%)was large;the diameter of vine,the diameter of reed head and the fresh weight of stems and leaves were related to the fresh weight of roots;the width of terminal leaflets,the fresh weight of roots and the fresh weight of stems and leaves the content of total flavonoids in roots is correlated;the diameter of reed head is correlated with the content of puerarin.(2)The isoflavone content in the peripheral skin and non-peripheral tissues of the medicinal parts of Pueraria thomsonii Benth produced Jiangxi was determined by HPLC,and the heavy metal content in the peripheral peel,non-peripheral skin and rhizosphere soil was determined by ICP-MS.The results showed that the isoflavones and heavy metals in the peripheral tissue were higher than those in the non-peripheral tissue;there were three elements exceeding the standard of Cd,Cr and Pb in Pueraria thomsonii Benth,and the excess of Cr element was improved after the peripheral tissue was removed,while the Cd and Pb elements The improvement of exceeding the standard is not obvious;Pueraria thomsonii Benth has a strong ability to accumulate Cd in the soil,while its ability to accumulate Pb is average,while its ability to accumulate As,Hg,Cu and Cr is poor.(3)The morphology of the stems and leaves of the four varieties of “Gan ge yi hao”,“Gan ge er hao”,“Xiao hua ye ge” and “Da hua ye ge” cultivated in a homogenous garden by direct observation and epidermal tearing method and the micromorphology of leaf epidermis was studied,and cluster analysis was performed.The results showed that “Gan ge yi hao”,“Gan ge er hao” and two mosaic varieties(“Xiao hua ye ge” and“Da hua ye ge”)can be determined by leaf variegation,leaf size,number of lateral lobules,and bottom the epidermal non-glandular hair length and the stoma density of the epidermis are distinguished from each other.(4)The roots,reed head,vines and leaves of the four varieties of “Gan ge yi hao”,“Gan ge er hao”,“Xiao hua ye ge” and “Da hua ye ge” cultivated in homogeneous garden by UV and HPLC the content of isoflavones in different growth periods was determined and analyzed by PCA and OPLS-DA.The results show that the order of total isoflavone content in different organs is: reed head>root>vine>leaf,and the total isoflavone accumulation rule of root,reed head and vine is firstly rising and then falling and then fluctuating up and down,while the total isoflavone content of leaves Isoflavones increase with the increase of the growth period;the accumulation of 7 kinds of isoflavones in the roots,reeds and vines is basically the same.With the increase of the growth period,the isoflavones increase first,then decrease,then increase and then slightly decrease;The isoflavones in the roots all reached their first peak in mid-July,“Gan ge yi hao ” and “Gan ge er hao” reached their second peak in mid-November,“Xiao hua ye ge” and “Da hua ye ge” reached its second peak in mid-October;The isoflavones in the reed head peaked in mid-October;the isoflavones in the vines “Gan ge yi hao” and “Xiao hua ye ge” reached their peaks in mid-October,and “Gan ge er hao” reached their peaks in mid-September.“Da hua ye ge” reached its peak in midJuly;PCA and OPLS-DA analysis results show that the total isoflavone content and puerarin content in the roots and heads of Gange(Gan ge yi hao and Gan ge er hao)and P.serrata(Xiao hua ye ge and Da hua ye ge)are present Significant differences.Conclusion:This study found that "Gan ge yi hao" reed head traits are correlated with the biomass of medicinal parts and isoflavones;Pueraria thomsonii Benth in Jiangxi has a strong effect on the accumulation of Cd elements in the soil,and there are problems with Cd,Cr and Pb exceeding the standard.Removing the perimeter can improve the problem of excessive Cr.And initially distinguished the varieties of Pueraria thomsonii Benth produced in Jiangxi,and clarified the accumulation of isoflavones in different organs.