Effects Of Sodium Butyrate On Seed Germination And Expression Regulation Of Germination-related Genes In Maize

Maize is an important food crop and animal feed,and it occupies a very important position in agricultural production.Seed germination is a important link in the growth and development process of maize and is the key and prerequisite for maize growth.The germination of seeds is regulated by many factors.Studies have found that epigenetic regulation plays a key role in seed germination,such as histone covalent modification and DNA methylation.The research on histone acetylation modification mainly focuses on its regulating effect on plant growth,and there are few reports on its regulating effect on seed germination.In order to further explore the effect of histone acetylation on the germination of maize seeds,this study used histone deacetylase inhibitor sodium butyrate to treat maize Seeds,improve the acetylation level of the whole seed genome,compare the seed germination of the control group and the treatment group and the physiological and biochemical changes inside the seeds,and explore the effect of sodium butyrate on the germination of maize seeds.The results showed that when maize seeds were treated with low concentration(0.5 mmol/L)sodium butyrate,the seed germination rate,root shoot length,root dry weight and fresh weight,dry shoot and fresh weight all increased.However,the indexes of the higher concentration(5,10 mmol/L)sodium butyrate treatment group decreased significantly.The activity of amylase and superoxide dismutase both increased in different degrees under the treatment of low concentration of sodium butyrate,but showed a significant downward trend under the treatment of high concentration;the content of malondialdehyde under the treatment of high concentration of sodium butyrate Significantly increased.The above results indicate that the concentration of sodium butyrate can affect the germination of maize seeds,which is mainly manifested as low concentration promotes germination.As the concentration increases,sodium butyrate will stress maize seeds and inhibit seed germination.Sodium butyrate is known to be an inhibitor of histone deacetylase.Western-blot experiment results show that sodium butyrate up-regulates the level of histone H3 acetylation in the whole genome of maize seeds,and shows a dose-and time-dependent effect.According to the above experimental data,0.5 mmol/L,1 mmol/L and 10mmol/L sodium butyrate were selected to treat maize seeds,and the effect of histone acetylation induced by sodium butyrate on the expression of genes related to seed germination was further explored.The results showed that compared with the control(0mmol/L),the low concentration(0.5 mmol/L)of sodium butyrate up-regulated the transcription of α-amylase,β-amylase and superoxide dismutase genes,and down-regulated 9-The transcription of cis-epoxy carotenoid dioxygenase(Zm NCED1)gene;10 mmol/L sodium butyrate significantly inhibits the transcription of α-amylase,β-amylase and superoxide dismutase genes.Based on the above experimental results,it is concluded that low concentrations of sodium butyrate can inhibit the activity of histone deacetylases,up-regulate the level of histone acetylation,regulate(up-regulate or down-regulate)the expression of germination-related genes,and promote seed germination.Acetylation modification is involved in the regulation of seed germination.