Regulation Of Functional Biologically Active Substances On Intestinal Development And Immune Function Of Growth Retardation Piglets

In the current intensively-produced pig farms,about 10% of the piglets are stunted due to various reasons to form "growth retardation piglets".Growth retardation piglets are stunted,feed conversion rate is low,immunity is poor,and they are susceptible to diseases and become a source of infection for pigs.The causes of growth inhibition are very complex,and it is necessary to adopt comprehensive control measures.Earlier studies have found that,whatever the cause of growth retardation,it leads to impaired nutritional metabolism and immune function.Therefore,this study aimed at the target of nutrient metabolism and immune function regulation,comprehensively using a plant extract,a composite microecology and a multi-enzyme complex composed of bioactive substance function package,to explore its role in regulating growth and development of retarded piglets.Forty-eight 42-day-old GR pigs(weight <70% of the average weight of the herd about 5kg,and no obvious disease or injury characteristics)were assigned randomly into two treatments with 6 pens/treatment and 2 piglets/pen.The test pigs(A)in the control group were fed the basic diet,and the diets of the experimental group were added with 0.5% bioactive substance function packages B,C and D on the basis of the basic diet.Pre-breeding is 3 days,formal feeding is 21 days.The test results are as follows:In terms of growth performance,compared with the control group,the functional package of biologically active substances significantly reduced the F / G of growth retardation piglets and significantly increased the relative weight of liver in groups B,C,and D(P<0.05);significantly reduced the level of serum ALP in piglets with growth retardation in groups B,C,and D,and increased the level of serum Ig M(P<0.05);significantly increased the concentration of serum Glu,Arg and Cys in piglets(P<0.05).In terms of antioxidant and immune function compared with the control group,the bioactive substance function package significantly reduced the serum MDA level of piglets with growth retardation in groups B,C,and D,and increased the serum T-SOD and CAT levels(P<0.05);the test group C piglet serum IL-1β,IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,and IL-12 and the serum levels of IL-1β,IL-10,IL-12,GM-CSF,IFN-γ,TGF-β1,and TNF-α in piglets from Group D Higher than the control group(P<0.05);the bioactive substance function package can significantly increase the expression level of IL-10 mRNA in the jejunum mucosa of growth retardation piglets in groups B,C,and D,and significantly reduce the expression of IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α mRNA in the jejunum mucosa Levels and the expression levels of proinflammatory factors TNF-αand IFN-γ mRNA in the ileal mucosa(P<0.05).In terms of intestinal development,compared with the control group,the duodenal villi height of piglets with growth inhibition in group B was significantly increased,and the ratio of duodenal villi height / crypt depth in group C piglets was significantly reduced(P<0.05);B,C,and D The thickness of the intestinal wall of the piglet jejunum in the group was significantly increased,while the number of goblet cells was significantly decreased(P<0.05);the functional package of biologically active substances significantly increased the levels of acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid in the cecal content of piglets in groups B,C,and D(P<0.05);reduced species diversity and community diversity of ileal contents,as well as species richness and uniformity,and significantly increased the relative abundance of the dominant bacterial group Clostridium bisporum(P<0.05).The above results suggest that the bioactive substance function package can increase the feed conversion rate of growth retardation piglets and increase serum amino acid levels;improve serum antioxidant indexes and regulate cytokine activity;improve intestinal morphology indexes,promote the synthesis of volatile fatty acids,and improve intestinal tract Road microorganism composition.The biological active substance function package can effectively improve the nutrient absorption,antioxidant and immune functions of piglets with growth retardation,and can be used as an effective growth promoter for growth retarded piglets,providing regulation means for piglet growth and development.