| Chinese medicine residue is a kind of unconventional feed resource.Due to the prohibition of antibiotic in feed,probiotics and Chinese medicine residue has become many researchers’ focus.Microbial fermentation is an important way to change Chinese medicine residue into feed resource.In the early stage of this study,the bacteria were isolated and screened from the rumen contents of goats by aerobic and anaerobic methods,and identified by 16 Sr DNA conservative sequence analysis;in the middle stage,biological characteristics of feed bacteria were determined to evaluated and screened and the combinations of dominant Bacillus and Lactobacillus comprehensively;in the later stage,the Chinese medicine residue was fermented by the selected dominant Bacillus and Lactobacillus as well as the dominant yeast preserved in our laboratory.First,the water content was set at40%,50% and 60%,and the inoculation amount of bacterial liquid was 5%,three kinds of bacteria ratio was 1:1:1,and 1% sucrose was added,then fermented Chinese medicine residue to determine the optimal water content of fermentation.The fermentation conditions are as follows: the inoculation amount of bacterial liquid is 5%,the amount of sucrose is 1%,and the optimum water content,9 combinations of Lactobacillus,yeast and Bacillus were designed to ferment Chinese medicine residue,and sampling was dynamic carried out on the d 0,3,7,14 and 21,and analyze the changes of nutrients in order to obtain the best proportion of Chinese medicine residue fermentation bacteria.The main results of this study are as follows:(1)Twenty six species and 128 strains of goat rumen bacteria were isolated and screened by anaerobic and aerobic methods,of which 8 species and 58 strains could be fed.Fourteen strains of 2 species of Bacillus and 29 strains of 2 species of lactic acid bacteria were obtained by preliminary screening(2)By measuring the growth curve,gas production,endoglucanase and filter paper enzyme activity,five strains of Bacillus(C3a,C6 a,FB8A,FB8 B and C4)with high cellulase activity were obtained.The endoglucanase activity and filter paper enzyme activity of strain FB8 B were the highest,reaching at 12.653U/m L and 0.710U/m L respectively.Through growth curve,bacteriostasis function,acid tolerance,bile salt tolerance,acidogenic gas production and compatibility test,the best combination of lactic acid bacteria was selected as La3,La14 and La15.(3)The optimum water content of Shiquan Dabu compound Chinese medicine residue in microbial fermentation is 50%.Under the condition of 50% water content,1% sucrose addition and 5% bacterial inoculation.When the inoculation proportion of Lactobacillus,yeast and Bacillus was 3:1:3,the increase of crude protein content was lower.However,the effect of fiber degradation was obvious,and the contents of NDF and ADF was decreased by 45.87%(49.24% vs 26.65%)and 51.76%(43.97% vs 21.21%)respectively.When the proportion of Lactobacillus,yeast and Bacillus is 3:2:1,the overall nutrition of Chinese medicine residue can be improved best.In conclusion,the ruminal direct-fed microorganism strains obtained by screening bacteria show better probiotic properties,and the compound bacteria composed of dominant strains can significantly improve the nutritional value of Chinese medicine residue. |
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