Design Of An Intelligent Online System For Potato Defects Removal

Potato is a common crop,in addition to corn,rice,wheat,potato is the most widely consumed staple food,in today’s world has an important position and has a trend of gradual rise.Potato whole meal is one of the traditional potato main food products.The breakthrough and innovation of the technical bottleneck in its key links is a key direction of the research on potato staple food in China.This topic,after peeling the potato powder as the item,removing residual skin,mechanical damage,black spots,and a series of defects,in order to achieve the goal of improving the final product quality.Subject combined with machine vision and laser processing technology to test residual peeling and removal defects,to design appropriate auxiliary machinery for feeding transmission,and so on,to write the appropriate software and control systems,to develop a collection of intelligent online removal equipment,and to contribute to the development of potato defects.The main research contents of this paper are as follows:（1）The overall design of an intelligent online potato defect removal systemThe overall design of the device is explored in conjunction with the subject’s research history,using peeled potatoes as the object.Following the system’s demand analysis,the task for the system is established,namely the automatic detection and removal of potato defects after peeling in the production of potato raw whole powder.The system is divided into four appropriate modules under the direction of the system mission,including a defect detection device,a defect removal device,an auxiliary mechanical device,and a software system.Each module is addressed in detail,and finally,the software integrated control research system is defined,with machine vision and laser processing as the central components and feeding,cutting,finishing,conveying,and other mechanical structures as supporting components,indicating the path for future research.（2）Design of intelligent defect detection device based on machine visionThe defect detection system was thoroughly investigated,and the viability,convenience,and economy of the particular implementation were used as guidelines for implementing the scheme’s research data.To begin,the vision device’s hardware configuration was developed.The illumination mechanism and imaging components were designed using a combination of literature and experimental studies.Second,an image recognition algorithm based on the vision system is investigated.The experimentation of the scheme’s implementation is discussed from the perspectives of image preprocessing,image segmentation,and feature extraction.The findings indicated that selecting the white potato against a black backdrop and then selecting the black defect inside the white potato accomplished the study objective more effectively.（3）Design of defect removal device based on laser processing technologyFollowing visual inspection for defects,the next step is laser machining to remove them.This section examines whether the laser can produce a removal effect on potato and whether it can meet production efficiency requirements.The type and operating mode of the laser used in the defect removal system were determined using a combination of literature research and focused experimental studies.Combining technological and economic research,the laser device’s composition was determined,including a Dawei 150W RF tube CO₂laser,a three-dimensional dynamic focusing mirror,a water-cooling system,and a lifting frame.（4）System-aided mechanical device designThe auxiliary mechanical structure is divided into four components based on the design task:feeding mechanism,cutting mechanism,finishing mechanism,and conveying mechanism.When working:peeled potatoes are fed one by one through the feeding process in an organized and systematic manner;following the positioning of the cutting mechanism,the maximum longitudinal segment is divided into two;after completing the organization,half a potato will be spread in the cut face down;finally,the conveying system can carry the potato via the visual device detection and laser device,allowing the processing station to be removed.The design and manufacture of auxiliary machinery is a critical component of the entire production line,since it completes the planning and distribution of products in addition to testing and processing.（5）Software system designAccording to the design specifications,write the program for the machine vision unit,laser processing device,and auxiliary mechanical device for integrated control.The software utilizes VS2018+MFC to create the program and interactive interface for the upper computer’s PC,and a PLC to implement the lower computer’s electrical power.The upper computer’s PC and the lower computer’s PLC communicate via serial port.（6）On-site evaluation of the intelligent online removal system of potato defectsAccording to the technical procedure,the impact of each process and the whole equipment is evaluated experimentally,and the results are compared to predefined criteria.The experimental results indicate that each process and system perform well,that the research objective can be accomplished in general,and the production efficiency is greater than or equal to 1 t/h,the defect identification rate is more than95%,and the removal rate is more than 90%.