Effects Of Prilled Palm Fat And Soybean Oil On Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance And Rumen Bacterial Flora Of Hu Sheep

We conducted the experiment to investigate the effects of different fat sources(prilled palm fat and soybean oil)on growth performance,slaughter performance and rumen bacterial flora of fattening Hu sheep,for providing suitable energy feed for Hu sheep growth and fattening,and technical support for efficient fattening.According to growth performance,digestion and metabolism of nutrients,slaughter performance and fatty acid composition of longissimus dorsi muscle,the effects of prilled palm fat and soybean oil on growth performance and meat performance of fattening Hu sheep were evaluated.The effects of different lipid sources on rumen bacterial flora were evaluated by 16 sr DNA high-throughput sequencing.The relevant tests are divided into three parts as follows:Experiment 1: Effects of prilled palm fat and soybean oil on growth performance,nutrient digestion and blood biochemical indexes of fattening Hu sheepThis experiment was conducted to study the effects of prilled palm fat and soybean oil on growth performance,nutrient digestion and blood biochemical indexes of fattening Hu sheep.Forty 4-month-age Hu sheep(30kg±1)were randomly divided into two groups fed with 3% prilled palm fat(PP)and 3% soybean oil(SO).When the average body weight of the sheep was 40 kg,the digestion and metabolism test was carried out with the method of collecting feces and urine.The trial lasted for 60 days.At the end of the trial,sheep was fasted 24 hours before slaughtered,and blood samples were collected for laboratory analysis.The results showed that: 1)There was no significant difference in body weight between two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in ADG between 3%PP group and 3%SO group during d1 to d45,(P>0.05).From d46 to d60,the ADG tended to be higher in 3% PP group than that in 3% SO group(0.05≤P<0.10).2)There was no significant difference in average dry matter intake and feed conversion ratio between 3% PP group and 3% SO group(P>0.05).3)The apparent digestibility of crude fat tended to be higher in 3% PP group than that in 3% SO group(0.05≤P<0.10).There was no significant difference in apparent digestibility of dry matter,organic matter and neutral detergent fiber between two groups(P>0.05).4)There was no significant difference in energy metabolism between the 3% PP group and the 3% SO group(P>0.05).5)There were no significant differences in the indexes of nitrogen metabolism between two groups(P>0.05).6)TC,HDL-C and LDL-C in 3% PP group were significantly higher than3% SO group(P<0.05);There was no significant difference in serum T-AOC between the 3% PP group and the 3% SO group(P>0.05),and the antioxidative enzymes GSH-Px and SOD were not significantly different between the 3% PP group and the3% SO group(P>0.05).Therefore,compared with 3% soybean oil,3% prilled palm fat could improve the growth performance and lipid metabolism efficiency of fattening Hu sheep to a certain extent.Experiment 2: Effects of prilled palm fat and soybean oil on slaughter performance,meat quality and fatty acid composition of back muscle of fattening Hu sheep.This experiment was conducted to study the effects of prilled palm fat and soybean oil on slaughter performance,meat quality and fatty acid composition of back muscle of fattening Hu sheep.The experimental treatment was the same as that of Experiment 1.Slaughter performance,meat quality,fat distribution and fatty acid composition of dorsal muscle were determined by slaughter test.The results showed that: 1)The slaughter rate of sheep was significantly higher in 3% PP group than that in3%SO group(P<0.05);2)The meat color a * value of 3% SO group was lower than that of 3% PP group(0.05≤P<0.10);3)C10:0,C18:1n9t,C18:3n3 of 3% SO group were significantly higher than that of 3% PP group(P<0.05),C14:0 was higher than that of 3% PP group(0.05≤P<0.10),while C14:1 of 3% SO group was significantly lower than that of 3% PP group(P <0.05).Therefore,compared with 3% soybean oil,3% prilled palm fat could improve the slaughter rate,maintain high-quality meat color and have more muscle fatty acid composition for human health.Experiment 3: Effects of prilled palm fat and soybean oil on gastrointestinal development,rumen fermentation and bacterial flora of fattening Hu sheep.This experiment was conducted to study the effects of prilled palm fat and soybean oil on gastrointestinal development,rumen fermentation and bacterial flora of fattening Hu sheep.The experimental treatment was the same as that of Experiment1.Rumen contents were collected by slaughtering test and gastrointestinal tissues were weighed.The results show that: 1)There was no significant difference on the weight of stomachus compositus and small intestine between 3%SO group and 3% PP group(P>0.05);2)The concentration of rumen fermentation butyric acid in 3% SO group was higher than that in 3% PP group(0.05≤P<0.10);3)Only the abundance of Spirillum and Treponema＿2 in the 3% SO group was higher than that in the 3% PP group(0.05≤P<0.10),and there was no significant difference in other major microflora at phylum,family and genus levels(P>0.05).Therefore,there was no significant difference in the effects of soybean oil or palm oil and palm oil fat powder on gastrointestinal development,rumen fermentation and rumen microflora of Hu sheep during fattening period.In conclusion,compared with 3% soybean oil,3% prilled palm fat supplemented in the diet can increase the growth performance and the digestibility of crude fat to a certain extent,and has a positive effect on slaughter performance and meat fatty acids profile.There was no significant difference of ruminal bacterial flora between the two diets.