Effects Of Feeding Artemia Sp. Nauplii As Complement On Growth,Physiology And Skin Color Of White And Black Fresh Water Angel Fish

This study evaluated the effects of commercial pellet feed with and without Artemia sp.nauplii as complement on growth,digestive performance,antioxidant status and skin color of white and black fresh water angel juvenile fish(Pterophyllum scalare).According to the general nutritional requirements of angel fish,the commercial pellet,cpmposed of 52%crude protein,8%crude fat,8%crude fiber,17%crude ash,2.5%lysine,0.8%total phosphorus and 12%moisture,was used as control group(M).The same commercial pellet with Artemia sp.nauplii as complement was used as experimental group.The results may provide theoretical basis to further understand the biological characteristics and nutritional requirements of white and black fresh water angel juvenile fish,and help to optimizing fresh water ornamental fish culture technology.1.Effects of feeding Artemia sp.nauplii as complement on growth of white and black fresh water angel fishThe commercial pellet could ensure the P.scalare juveniles survival rate(SR),with>90%for white angel fish and>82%for black angel fish in 26 d.The specific growth rate(SGR)was 9%/d with 15 mm length gain and 90%uniformity in standard length weight for white angel fish;and 7%/d SGR with 13 mm length gain and 89%uniformity in standard length weight for black angel fish.Feeding Artemia sp.nauplii as complement did increased black angel fish SR significantly(≥95%,P<0.05),keeping weight growth and morphological growth in good condition.2.Effects of feeding Artemia sp.nauplii as complement on digestive enzyme activity of white and black fresh water angel fishThe digestive performance of P.scalare juveniles is related to the growth stage,being more actively with culture time increasing.Lipase,amylase and pepsin activity tended to be stable at 16 d or 21 d.And feeding Artemia sp.nauplii as complement can increase lipase and amylase activity in the early stage,strengthening digestive capacity.3.Effects of feeding Artemia sp.nauplii as complement on antioxidant and immune enzyme activity of white and black fresh water angel fishThe antioxidant status of P.scalare juveniles is related to the growth stage,with tending to be stable at 11 d or 16 d.The activity change of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)were showed more obviously,while glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and lysozyme(LZM)were gentlely.Feeding Artemia sp.nauplii as complement can increase antioxidant capacity of P.scalare juveniles,and accelerate the time required to be stable.4.Effects of feeding Artemia sp.nauplii as complement on skin color of white and black fresh water angel fishThe skin color of P.scalare juveniles is related to the growth stage and position.The lightness value(L~*)of the white and black fresh water angel fish skin color was observed more obviously,fllowed by yellow value(b~*).The color of operculum and ventral skin were observed to change more apparently than other position.Feeding Artemia sp.nauplii as complement can obviously improve skin color quality under different position,enhancing the ornamental value.Feeding Artemia sp.nauplii did accelerate the time skin color required to be stable,where MA group required 16 d while M group 21d.